A taxonomy of the orcanization
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The document discusses the taxonomy and organization of games. It begins by providing examples of early games from ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. It then defines key characteristics of games as involving representation, interaction, conflict, and safety. The document outlines formal elements of games, such as rules and objectives, as well as dramatic elements like story and characters. It also discusses spatial elements and how games use formal, dramatic, and spatial elements systematically. Specific games like Prince of Persia, Shadow of the Colossus, and Shadow of Mordor are analyzed as examples.
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A taxonomy of the orcanization
- 1. a taxonomy of the orcanization andreas @resmini game design, systems mechanics, and information architecture
- 2. games have been around forever
- 3. (A modern version of Senet, the game of passing dating to 3100 BC Egypt)
- 4. (The Royal Game of Ur, dating to 3000 - 2500 BC Mesopotamia)
- 5. (The Royal Game of Ur, rules tablet dated 177 BC. British Museum, Wikipedia)
- 6. what is a game then
- 7. (Fullerton, T. (2008) Game Design Workshop. Morgan Kaufmann) PUZZLE STORY TOY GAME interactivity formality
- 8. games are defined by four main characteristics: representation, interaction, conflict, and safety (Crawford, C. (1984) The Art of Computer Game Design. McGraw Hill)
- 9. a game is a closed formal system subjectively representing a subset of reality (Crawford, C. (1984) The Art of Computer Game Design. McGraw Hill) representation
- 10. a game represents and embodies the webwork of causes and effects of some parts of reality and allow players to explore it in full (Crawford, C. (1984) The Art of Computer Game Design. McGraw Hill) interaction
- 11. intrinsic to any game, and the product of players interacting in the pursuit of a goal (Crawford, C. (1984) The Art of Computer Game Design. McGraw Hill) conflict
- 12. a game is an artifice providing the psychological experience of conflict and danger while excluding their physical realizations (Crawford, C. (1984) The Art of Computer Game Design. McGraw Hill) safety
- 13. “a game is a formal activity among two or more independent decision-makers seeking to achieve their objectives in some limiting context” (Abt, C. C. (1987) Serious Games. University of America Press)
- 14. (Import/Export)
- 15. “every election is a game” (Abt, C. C. (1987) Serious Games. University of America Press)
- 16. (Secret Hitler)
- 18. “a game is a closed formal system that engages players in structured conflict and resolves its uncertainties in unequal outcomes” (Adapted from Fullerton, T. (2008) Game Design Workshop. Morgan Kaufmann)
- 20. engages players
- 26. games are safe
- 30. why games then
- 31. a major cultural influence
- 32. a great simulation tool
- 33. they are controllable, observable playgrounds
- 34. while playing we can directly experience the interplay of information flows, human agency and desires, and environmental constraints
- 35. a framework for experiences
- 40. formal elements dramatic elements spatial elements
- 41. (let’s take a look at tic-tac-toe)
- 42. GAME SPACE IS BOUNDED
- 45. GAME SPACE IS DISCRETE
- 48. GAME SPACE IS CONNECTED
- 50. Last Night on Earth
- 51. GAME SPACE IS BIDIMENSIONAL
- 52. y-axis x-axis
- 53. (Ron Gilbert, Maniac Mansion. Screenshot: http://www.classicgaming.cc/pc/maniac-mansion/development)
- 54. no game without game space
- 55. (even when it’s an) impossible fictional topology
- 58. (F. Ueda, The Last Guardian)
- 59. spatial elements serve the game
- 60. (Thief)
- 61. (Thomas & Smith, Shalebridge Cradle. Ion Storm, Thief: Deadly Shadows)
- 62. (J. Thomas, Shalebridge, the Inner Cradle, in Thief: Deadly Shadows - Adapted from K. Gillen, Journey Into the Cradle, PCGamer March 2005)
- 63. (what kind of building is that?)
- 64. (Resident Evil)
- 65. (slightly better, but still ...)
- 66. (P. Jackson, The Hobbit)
- 68. (Ang Lee, Life of Pi, 2013)
- 69. (Ang Lee, Life of Pi, 2013. Source: All Hollywood FX Removed. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7rk0279i7vM)
- 70. (could be worse, tho)
- 71. (Ang Lee, Life of Pi, 2013. Source: All Hollywood FX Removed. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7rk0279i7vM)
- 72. (Ang Lee, Life of Pi, 2013. Source: All Hollywood FX Removed. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7rk0279i7vM)
- 73. formal elements dramatic elements spatial elements
- 74. FORMAL ELEMENTS
- 78. FORMAL players, rules, procedures, mechanics, resources, challenges, objectives, outcomes
- 80. (Telltale Games - The Walking Dead)
- 82. FORMAL players, rules, procedures, mechanics, resources, challenges, objectives, outcomes DRAMATIC premise, story, characters, settings
- 83. SPATIAL ELEMENTS
- 84. sequence
- 86. SEPARATION
- 87. enclosure
- 88. FORMAL players, rules, procedures, mechanics, resources, challenges, objectives, outcomes DRAMATIC premise, story, characters, settings SPATIAL proximity, separation, continuity, enclosure, sequence, nesting, mono-, bi-, three-dimensionality
- 89. SYSTEMIC USE OF FORMAL, DRAMATIC AND SPATIAL ELEMENTS IN VIDEO GAMES
- 90. PRINCE OF PERSIA FLOW & RHYTHM
- 91. (J. Mechner, Prince of Persia, Broderbund, 1989)
- 92. (J. Mechner, Prince of Persia, Broderbund, 1989)
- 93. (Prince of Persia - The Sands of Time, UBISOFT, 2003)
- 94. (Prince of Persia - The Sands of Time, UBISOFT, 2003)
- 95. (Prince of Persia - The Sands of Time, UBISOFT, 2003)
- 96. (Doug Walsh, PoP – The Official Strategy Guide, Bradygames)
- 97. (Prince of Persia - The Sands of Time, UBISOFT, 2003)
- 98. Doug Walsh, PoP – The Official Strategy Guide, Bradygames
- 101. SHADOW OF THE COLOSSUS LOSS & PAUSE
- 102. (Shadow of the Colossus)
- 103. (Shadow of the Colossus, Bluepoint Studio, 2017. Original concept Fumito Ueda)
- 104. (Shadow of the Colossus)
- 105. (Shadow of the Colossus)
- 106. (Shadow of the Colossus)
- 107. (Shadow of the Colossus)
- 108. (Shadow of the Colossus)
- 109. SHADOW OF MORDOR A TAXONOMY OF ORCs
- 111. Shadow of Mordor, Monolith
- 112. Shadow of Mordor, Monolith
- 113. Shadow of Mordor, Monolith
- 114. Akoth Amûg Ashgarn Azdûsh Azgrom Bababûg Barfa Blorg Bolg Borgu Brogg Bûbol Bûth Dharg Dûgza Dûsh Dûshrat Feldûsh Felgrat Flak Folgûm Ghâm Ghûra Gimûb Glûk Golm Gorfel Gorgûm Goroth Grisha Grûblik Gûndza Horhog Hork Horza Hoshgrish Hoshû Hûmgrat Hûra Ishgha Ishmoz Kâka Khrosh Kothûg Krakhorn Krimp Krûk Kûga Kugáluga Lamlûg Latbag Lorm Lûga Lûgdash Lûgnak Mâku Malmûg Mogg Mormog Mozfel Mozû Mûggrish Mûglûk Mûzglob Nákra Narûg Nazdûg Nâzkûga Nazû Norsko Norûk Ogbur Ogthrak Olgoth Olrok Shaká Skak Skog Skoth Skûn Snagog Stakûga Takra Târz Thakrak Thrak Torz Tûgog Tûkâ Tûmhorn Orthog Otha Pâsh Pigug Prâk Pûg Pûgrish Pushkrimp Râsh Ratanák Ratlûg Ronk Rûg Rûkdûg Shágflak Tûmûg Ûgakûga Ûggû Ûkbûk Ûkrom Ûkshak Ûshbaka Ûshgol Ûthûg Zâthra Zog Zogdûsh Zûgor Zûmug Zunn Uruks Hollow, All Nemesis Names and Titles. https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=105&v=nSv0CIynC-Y
- 115. Archer-Trainer Ash-Skin Bag-Head Barrel-Scraper Beast Slayer Beastmaster Berserker Master Black-Blade Black-Heart Black-Thorn Blade Master Blade Sharpener Blade Smith Blood Licker Blood-Axe Blood-Hand Blood-Lover Blood-Storm Bone-Crusher Bone-Licker Bone-Ripper Bone-Snapper Bow Master Brain Damaged Brawler Brawl-Master Bright-Eyes Broken-Shield Cannibal Caragor Slayer Caragor Tamer Caragor-Fang Cave Rat Chain Driver Corpse Grinder Corpse-Eater Dead-Eye Death-Blade Drooler Dung-Collector Dwarf-Eater Dwarf-Killer Eagle Eye Ear-Collector Elf-Slayer Evil Eye Eye-Gouger Fast Feet Fat Head Fire-Brander Flame Monger Flesh Glutton Flesh-Picker Flesh-Render Flesh-Rot Foul-Spawn Frog-Blood Ghûl Hunter Ghûl Lover Ghûl Slayer Giggles Gold-Fang Graug Catcher Graug Slayer Grog-Burner Guard Master Halfling-Lover Head-Chopper Head-Hunter Heart-Eater Hide Skinner Horn Blower Hot Tongs Hot-Head Iron-Arm Jaws Jitters King-Slayer Learned Scribe Lice-Head Life-Drinker Limp-Leg Lock-Jaw Long-Tooth Lucky Shot Of the Pit Of the Spiders Of the Stench Of the Welts One-Eye Pain-Lover Pit Fighter Plague-Bringer Pot-Licker Prison Master Quarter Master Quick-Blades Rabble Rouser Rage-Mind Raid Leader Ranger-Killer Ravager Lump-Head Mad-Eye Maggot-Nest Man-Breaker Man-Eater Manhunter Man-Stalker Map Keeper Meat Grinder Meat Hooks Metal Beater Metal-Beard Neck Snapper Night-Bringer Oath-Breaker Of Lithlad Of the Black Gate
- 116. Raw-Head Rock Crusher Runny-Bowels Sawbones Scar-Artist Shaman Shield Master Skin-Flayer Skull Bow Skull-Collector Skull-Cracker Skull-Splitter Slashface Slave Taskmaster Slave-Lover Slave-Maker Spear Master Storm-Bringer Sword Master Swordsmith Taskmaster The Advisor The All-Eater The Amputator The Angry The Armorer The Assassin The Battle-Ha... The Beggar The Beheader The Biter The Black The Blacksmith The Bleeder The Bloated The Bloody The Blue The Bone Collector The Brander The Brave The Breaker The Brewer The Brother The Brown The Brute The Butcher The Catcher The Cave-Born The Champion The Choker The Chunky The Claw The Clever The Collector The Complainer The Cook The Corrupt The Corruptor The Coward The Crafty The Crazy The Crippler The Crow The Cruel The Dark The Defender The Defiler The Destroyer The Devourer The Diseased The Disgusting The Dreamer The Driver The Drowned The Drunk The Duelist The Dumb The Elder The Endless The Ever-Wo... The Executioner The Fanatical The Fearful The Fearless The Hell-Hawk The Hook The Humiliator The Hungry The Hunter The Immovable The Infernal The Judge The Killer The Kin-Slayer The Knife The Large The Legend The Literate One The Lookout The Mad The Mangler The Filthy The Flogger The Fool The Forsworn The Foul The Friendly The Funny One The Gentle The Gluttonous The Gorger The Greedy The Grim The Grinder The Gutless The Hacker The Handsome The Heartless
- 117. The Marauder The Massive The Meat Hoarder The Merciful The Merciless The Messenger The Mindless The Mountain The Murderous The Noble The Painted The Pathetic The Poet The Poisoner The Prickler The Proud The Prowler The Puny The Rash The Rat The Raven The Reckless The Red The Relentless The Rhymer The Ripper The Rugged The Ruinous The Runner The Runt The Sadistic The Savage The Scholar The Screamer The Serpent The Shadow The Shield The Sickly The Singer The Skinless The Skinner The Slasher The Slaughterer The Slippery The Small The Smasher The Sneak The Spike The Steady The Stinger The Stout The Strong The Surgeon The Swift The Tactician The Tainted The Thirsty The Thunderer The Timid The Tiny The Tongue The Torturer The Tracker The Trainer The Uncatchable The Unclean The Unkillable The Venomous The Vile The Wanderer The War-Bringer The Warrior The Watcher The Weak The Whiner The Whisperer The Wicked The Wise The Wrestler Thin Bones Thunderhead Tree-killer Troll-Born Ugly Face Warmonger Weapon Smith Who Flees Wrath-Breeder
- 118. Shadow of Mordor
- 119. the Nemesis system is pure information architecture
- 120. (Shadow of Mordor)
- 122. orcs that meet you in the open world develop a story which is interwoven with your own
- 123. (Shadow of Mordor)
- 124. if they kill you, they’ll remember you died
- 125. (Shadow of Mordor)
- 126. if you kill them, they might be back and carry the signs of what you did to them
- 127. (Shadow of Mordor)
- 128. thank you! andrea @resmini at ju.se