Grid computing provides a distributed computing platform that allows resources to be shared and utilized across organizational boundaries at scale. It abstracts applications and services from underlying infrastructure through virtualization, automation, and service-oriented architectures. While grid adoption began in scientific and technical fields, grids are now being used in commercial enterprises for shared infrastructures, regional collaborations, and emerging "cloud" utility providers. Widespread adoption of grid computing will require addressing social and standards barriers as grids move from early deployments to broader use across different industries.