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-Presented by
Shubham Kapoor
3rd Year (6th SEMESTER)
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Roll No. 1274521010
SCADA
S What is SCADA??
S History of Scada
S Common Components of Scada
S System Components of Scada
S Future trends in Scada
-continue
Power system automation
S Electrical power system
S What is power system automation
S Automation tasks
S IEDs
S Automation process
S Advantages
S Disadvantages
S Applications
S Conclusion
Supervisory
Control
And
Data
Acquisition
According to Wikipedia
Scada is ” SCADA is a system operating
with coded signals over communication
channels so as to provide control of
remote equipment (using typically one
communication channel per remote
station).”
EXAMPLE OF
SCADA
1940 1950 1960 1965 1970
Electric
utility
systems
Telemetry and
control
Development
General Electric
and Control
Corporation
Solid state
devices were
developed
Advanced
Telemetry
Scada and power system automation
• Remote Terminal Unit(RTU)
• Programmable logic Controller(PLC)
• Telemetry system
• Human machine interface
• Data Acquisition Server
• A supervisory (computer) system, gathering
(acquiring) data on the process and sending
commands (control) to the SCADA system.
• Communication infrastructure connecting the
supervisory system to the remote terminal units.
• Various process and analytical instrumentation.
• Remote
• Terminal
• Unit
A remote terminal unit (RTU) is
a microprocessor-controlled
electronic device that interfaces
objects in the physical world to
a distributed control system
or SCADA (supervisory control
and data acquisition) system by
transmitting telemetry data to a
master system, and by using
messages from the master
supervisory system to control
connected objects. Another term
that may be used for RTU
is remote telecontrol unit.
1.Single board RTU
2.Modular RTU
Which is compact, and contains all I/O
on a single board. The single board RTU
normally has fixed I/O (eg.16 digital
inputs, 8 digital outputs, 8 analogue inputs, and
say 4 analogue outputs).
 which has a separate CPU module, and can
have other modules added, normally by
plugging into a common "backplane" (a bit like
a PC motherboard and plug in peripheral
cards) is designed to be expanded by adding
additional modules.
• Power supply
• Digital or Status inputs
• Analog inputs
• Digital (control) outputs
• Analog outputs
• Software and logic control
• Communications
 IED communications
 Master communications
A programmable logic
controller, PLC or programmable
controller is a digital computer
used for automation of typically
industrial electromechanical
processes, such as control of
machinery on factory assembly
lines, amusement rides, or light
fixtures. PLCs are used in many
industries and machines.
• Human Machine
Interface commonly
known as HMI are
deployed for control
and visualization
interface between a
human and a process,
machine, application and
appliance. Increasingly,
HMIs are becoming an
integral part of Factory
Automation.
• Network
Communication and software
S The SCADA consist of Hardware and
Software components.
S The hardware collects and feed data into a
computer with SCADA software installed.
S The data is then processed by the computer
before presenting it in a timely manner.
A structured set of data is held in a
computer for the future reference
RTU(remote
terminal unit)
PLC
Data
Acquisition
Server
User
interface
(HMI)
Communications
Equipment and
software
Scada and power system automation
F
U
T
U
R
E
 First generation: "Monolithic“
 Second generation: "Distributed“
 Third generation: "Networked"
First generation: "Monolithic"
• In the first generation, computing was done by mainframe
computers.
• Networks did not exist at the time SCADA was developed.
• Thus SCADA systems were independent systems with no
connectivity to other systems. Wide Area Networks were later
designed by RTU vendors to communicate with the RTU.
• The first-generation SCADA system was redundant since a
back-up mainframe system was connected at the bus level and
was used in the event of failure of the primary mainframe
system.
FUTURE TRENDS IN SCADA
Second generation: "Distributed"
 The processing was distributed across multiple
stations which were connected through a LAN
and they shared information in real time.
 Each station was responsible for a particular
task thus making the size and cost of each
station less than the one used in First
Generation.
FUTURE TRENDS IN SCADA
Third generation: "Networked"
 Due to the usage of standard protocols
and the fact that many networked SCADA
systems are accessible from the Internet,
the systems are potentially vulnerable to
remote attack.
FUTURE TRENDS IN SCADA
Scada and power system automation
Scada and power system automation
Power-system automation is the act of automatically
controlling the power system via instrumentation
and control devices. Substation automation refers
to using data from Intelligent electronic devices
(IED), control and automation capabilities within the
substation, and control commands from remote
users to control power-system devices.
• Data acquisition
• Power System Supervision
• Power System Control
• Power System Automation
• I&C System IEDs
Any device incorporating
one or more processors
with the capability to
receive or send
data/control from or to
an external source (e.g.,
electronic multifunction
meters, digital relays,
controllers)
Instrument transformers are
used to sense power system
current and voltage values. They
are physically connected to
power system apparatus and
convert the actual power system
signals, which include high
voltage and current magnitudes,
down to lower signal levels
Transducers convert the
analog output of an
instrument transformer from
one magnitude to another or
from one value type to
another, such as from an ac
current to dc voltage.
Scada and power system automation
A communications switch is a
device that switches between
several serial ports when it is
told to do so. The remote user
initiates communications with
the port switch via a connection
to the substation, typically a
leased line or dial-up telephone
connection. Once connected, the
user can route their
communications through the
port switch to one of the
connected substation IEDs. The
port switch merely “passes
through” the IED
communications.
A meter is an IED that is
used to create accurate
measurements of power
system current, voltage, and
power values. Metering
values such as demand and
peak are saved within the
meter to create historical
information about the
activity of the power system
A digital fault recorder
(DFR), is an IED that
records information about
power system disturbances.
It is capable of storing
data in a digital format
when triggered by
conditions detected on the
power system. Harmonics,
frequency, and voltage are
examples of data captured
by DFRs.
Load tap changers are
devices used to
change the tap
position on
transformers. These
devices work
automatically or can
be controlled via
another local IED or
from a remote
operator or process.
Re closer controllers
remotely control the
operation of automated
re closers and switches.
These devices monitor
and store power system
conditions and determine
when to perform control
actions. They also accept
commands from a remote
operator or process.
A time synchronization source is
an IED that creates a time-of-
day value which is then broadcast
to the IEDs in order to set all
their clocks to the same time.
IEDs communicate over serial
connections by speaking a particular
language or protocol. A protocol
gateway converts communications
from one protocol to another. This
task is often performed by software
on a personal computer.
Scada and power system automation
A protective relay is an
IED designed to sense
power system disturbances
and automatically perform
control actions on the I&C
system and the power
system to protect
personnel and equipment.
SEL-351 Relay
A communications
processor is a
substation controller
that incorporates the
functions of many
other I&C devices
into one IED. SEL-2030 Communications Processor
Scada and power system automation
Scada and power system automation
Scada and power system automation
Scada and power system automation
Scada and power system automation
A smart grid is a modernized electrical grid
that uses analogue or digital information and
communications technology to gather and act
on information, such as information about the
behaviours of suppliers and consumers, in an
automated fashion to improve the efficiency,
reliability, economics, and sustainability of
the production and distribution of electricity.
Electronic power conditioning and control of
the production and distribution of electricity
are important aspects of the smart grid.
A smart meter is usually
an electronic device that
records consumption of
electric energy in
intervals of an hour or
less and communicates
that information at least
daily back to the utility
for monitoring and billing.
• In an electric power
system, automatic
generation control
(AGC) is a system for
adjusting the power
output of multiple
generators at
different power plants,
in response to changes
in the load.
The government of India has decided to
integrate all the state power utilities.
Unified load dispatch Centre has to be
build. So automation has lot more
advantages as it increases efficiency and
increase standardization. India is moving
ahead toward automation are you??
Scada and power system automation
Scada and power system automation

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Scada and power system automation

  • 1. -Presented by Shubham Kapoor 3rd Year (6th SEMESTER) Electrical and Electronics Engineering Roll No. 1274521010
  • 2. SCADA S What is SCADA?? S History of Scada S Common Components of Scada S System Components of Scada S Future trends in Scada -continue
  • 3. Power system automation S Electrical power system S What is power system automation S Automation tasks S IEDs S Automation process S Advantages S Disadvantages S Applications S Conclusion
  • 5. According to Wikipedia Scada is ” SCADA is a system operating with coded signals over communication channels so as to provide control of remote equipment (using typically one communication channel per remote station).”
  • 7. 1940 1950 1960 1965 1970 Electric utility systems Telemetry and control Development General Electric and Control Corporation Solid state devices were developed Advanced Telemetry
  • 9. • Remote Terminal Unit(RTU) • Programmable logic Controller(PLC) • Telemetry system • Human machine interface • Data Acquisition Server • A supervisory (computer) system, gathering (acquiring) data on the process and sending commands (control) to the SCADA system. • Communication infrastructure connecting the supervisory system to the remote terminal units. • Various process and analytical instrumentation.
  • 11. A remote terminal unit (RTU) is a microprocessor-controlled electronic device that interfaces objects in the physical world to a distributed control system or SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) system by transmitting telemetry data to a master system, and by using messages from the master supervisory system to control connected objects. Another term that may be used for RTU is remote telecontrol unit.
  • 13. Which is compact, and contains all I/O on a single board. The single board RTU normally has fixed I/O (eg.16 digital inputs, 8 digital outputs, 8 analogue inputs, and say 4 analogue outputs).
  • 14.  which has a separate CPU module, and can have other modules added, normally by plugging into a common "backplane" (a bit like a PC motherboard and plug in peripheral cards) is designed to be expanded by adding additional modules.
  • 15. • Power supply • Digital or Status inputs • Analog inputs • Digital (control) outputs • Analog outputs • Software and logic control • Communications  IED communications  Master communications
  • 16. A programmable logic controller, PLC or programmable controller is a digital computer used for automation of typically industrial electromechanical processes, such as control of machinery on factory assembly lines, amusement rides, or light fixtures. PLCs are used in many industries and machines.
  • 17. • Human Machine Interface commonly known as HMI are deployed for control and visualization interface between a human and a process, machine, application and appliance. Increasingly, HMIs are becoming an integral part of Factory Automation.
  • 19. Communication and software S The SCADA consist of Hardware and Software components. S The hardware collects and feed data into a computer with SCADA software installed. S The data is then processed by the computer before presenting it in a timely manner.
  • 20. A structured set of data is held in a computer for the future reference
  • 24.  First generation: "Monolithic“  Second generation: "Distributed“  Third generation: "Networked"
  • 25. First generation: "Monolithic" • In the first generation, computing was done by mainframe computers. • Networks did not exist at the time SCADA was developed. • Thus SCADA systems were independent systems with no connectivity to other systems. Wide Area Networks were later designed by RTU vendors to communicate with the RTU. • The first-generation SCADA system was redundant since a back-up mainframe system was connected at the bus level and was used in the event of failure of the primary mainframe system. FUTURE TRENDS IN SCADA
  • 26. Second generation: "Distributed"  The processing was distributed across multiple stations which were connected through a LAN and they shared information in real time.  Each station was responsible for a particular task thus making the size and cost of each station less than the one used in First Generation. FUTURE TRENDS IN SCADA
  • 27. Third generation: "Networked"  Due to the usage of standard protocols and the fact that many networked SCADA systems are accessible from the Internet, the systems are potentially vulnerable to remote attack. FUTURE TRENDS IN SCADA
  • 30. Power-system automation is the act of automatically controlling the power system via instrumentation and control devices. Substation automation refers to using data from Intelligent electronic devices (IED), control and automation capabilities within the substation, and control commands from remote users to control power-system devices.
  • 31. • Data acquisition • Power System Supervision • Power System Control • Power System Automation • I&C System IEDs
  • 32. Any device incorporating one or more processors with the capability to receive or send data/control from or to an external source (e.g., electronic multifunction meters, digital relays, controllers)
  • 33. Instrument transformers are used to sense power system current and voltage values. They are physically connected to power system apparatus and convert the actual power system signals, which include high voltage and current magnitudes, down to lower signal levels
  • 34. Transducers convert the analog output of an instrument transformer from one magnitude to another or from one value type to another, such as from an ac current to dc voltage.
  • 36. A communications switch is a device that switches between several serial ports when it is told to do so. The remote user initiates communications with the port switch via a connection to the substation, typically a leased line or dial-up telephone connection. Once connected, the user can route their communications through the port switch to one of the connected substation IEDs. The port switch merely “passes through” the IED communications.
  • 37. A meter is an IED that is used to create accurate measurements of power system current, voltage, and power values. Metering values such as demand and peak are saved within the meter to create historical information about the activity of the power system
  • 38. A digital fault recorder (DFR), is an IED that records information about power system disturbances. It is capable of storing data in a digital format when triggered by conditions detected on the power system. Harmonics, frequency, and voltage are examples of data captured by DFRs.
  • 39. Load tap changers are devices used to change the tap position on transformers. These devices work automatically or can be controlled via another local IED or from a remote operator or process.
  • 40. Re closer controllers remotely control the operation of automated re closers and switches. These devices monitor and store power system conditions and determine when to perform control actions. They also accept commands from a remote operator or process.
  • 41. A time synchronization source is an IED that creates a time-of- day value which is then broadcast to the IEDs in order to set all their clocks to the same time. IEDs communicate over serial connections by speaking a particular language or protocol. A protocol gateway converts communications from one protocol to another. This task is often performed by software on a personal computer.
  • 43. A protective relay is an IED designed to sense power system disturbances and automatically perform control actions on the I&C system and the power system to protect personnel and equipment. SEL-351 Relay
  • 44. A communications processor is a substation controller that incorporates the functions of many other I&C devices into one IED. SEL-2030 Communications Processor
  • 50. A smart grid is a modernized electrical grid that uses analogue or digital information and communications technology to gather and act on information, such as information about the behaviours of suppliers and consumers, in an automated fashion to improve the efficiency, reliability, economics, and sustainability of the production and distribution of electricity. Electronic power conditioning and control of the production and distribution of electricity are important aspects of the smart grid.
  • 51. A smart meter is usually an electronic device that records consumption of electric energy in intervals of an hour or less and communicates that information at least daily back to the utility for monitoring and billing.
  • 52. • In an electric power system, automatic generation control (AGC) is a system for adjusting the power output of multiple generators at different power plants, in response to changes in the load.
  • 53. The government of India has decided to integrate all the state power utilities. Unified load dispatch Centre has to be build. So automation has lot more advantages as it increases efficiency and increase standardization. India is moving ahead toward automation are you??