This report will provide a great deal of data for planning Pabna Municipality. The source are old but might give a better result in analysis for urban planning. We can have a proper idea of how to plan a municipal area in the future, control urban growth, and increase utility services for betterment of the people living in an urban area

1. 1
1.Introduction:
The primary objective of urban area development is to create a comfortable living
environment for society. Understanding the desired environment of the community is
crucial in achieving this goal. Urban planners must cater to the needs of society by providing
appropriate facilities and infrastructure. To ensure the development is efficient and
minimally harmful to the environment, planners must integrate their development plans
with the site's carrying capacity, land capability, and suitability. In this regard, having
comprehensive data on the environmental conditions, desired environment, and available
resources is imperative. This information will form the basis for developing policies and
making decisions that align with the area's conditions and goals. Furthermore, it serves as a
valuable tool for monitoring and evaluating the outcomes of these policies and decisions.
The growth of urban areas and their effect on the environment is a global issue. Since the
utilization of land for various purposes is irrepressible, land management is necessary in
order to minimize the negative impact on the environment. Considering the current
situation, it is essential to apply the concept of sustainable development in managing urban
areas and preserving the environment so that the needs of the present generation in
fulfilling their requirements will not affect the ability of future generations to fulfill their
needs.
1.1Objectives:
The report will outline the following things:
I. Analyze the current state of Pabna Municipality, including its population, area,
infrastructure, socioeconomic conditions, and employment status.
II. Urbanization rate of Pabna Municipality.
III. Provide population projections for the years 2040 and 2050.
IV. Present economic projections for Pabna Municipality.
V. Conduct a threshold analysis to determine future service facility requirements such
as healthcare, education, recreation, and transportation.
VI. Determine the best locations within the municipality for parks, residential and
commercial developments, and waste disposal sites.
VII. Estimate future land requirements for different service facilities to accommodate
future population growth and urban expansion.

2. 2
1.2 Scope of study:
Our study is limited to the planning of urban areas inside the boundaries of Pabna city; it
does not cover the Pabna district as a whole. Evaluating the city's current situation and
future growth trajectory is the main goal. In particular, we look at how the city authority is
doing and find out what the general public thinks about how effective it is. We explore
public opinion about the current state of the city, the efficiency of city administration, and
the public's hopes for a better standard of living. We aim to comprehend the prevailing
opinions of the population as well as their requests for improved urban services and
amenities. We also examine the viewpoint of the city authority regarding programs
intended to improve urban development and livability. Through contrasting public views
with those of the city authorities. By comparing public opinions with the city authority's
plans and strategies, we aim to discern areas of alignment and divergence.
1.3 Limitations of study:
The limitations are mostly concerned with data collection. It was hard to gather all relevant
facts and data of the city authority and public perception about the city growth within a
limited time. At present, most of the general mass are not interested in the detailed
planning of the city or they simply do not have time to answer an elaborate interview. On
the other hand, the city authority members are not always available for an interview due to
their pressing duties. We also noted that the official documents obtained were few in
numbers and were not adequate to get a comprehensive idea. Due to all these factors, we
were forced to make some assumptions. Finally, political influence is great in our country.
Due to the controversial nature of our topic, we may come under political influence at any
time. However, we have made sincere efforts to present the true picture of the current
situation of Pabna city and the way Pabna city can be a better place to live in the future.
1.4 Methodology:
For the study, data were collected by field investigation, and Group Discussion with councilors
& other stakeholder and also discussion meeting with mayor, Executive engineer etc.
Secondary data were collected from research articles, web browsing, official documents and
so on. After data collection, performance evaluation of different service facilities.MS
PowerPoint and Arch GIS were used for analyzing and representing the data. During the
survey, people’s opinions were taken about their demand, expectations, facilities, and
problems through discussion and then tried to find out the solutions for existing problems by
the urban planning techniques and urban management.

3. 3
1.5 Methods of urban area plan:
According to the Paurashava Ordinance of 1977, a rural area can be declared an urban area
in Bangladesh if the government is satisfied that:
• At least three-fourths of the adult male population work in non-agricultural jobs
• The area has a population of at least 15,000.
• The area has a population density of at least 2,000 people per square mile.
Due to sustainable and healthier urban area, the area must be planned rather it will be
clustered and loss it’s living standard and accessibility standard. Actually, an urban area may
be conducted by-
(a) Zoning.
(b) Land use map.
(c) Design standard.
(d) Site and services project.
(e) Land readjustment/Guided land development.
(f) Urban upgrading.
(g) Land sharing.
(h) Urban renewal/Redevelopment.
(i) TDR
(j) TOD
2. Case Study of Pabna Municipality:
In this case study, we delve into key aspects such as population dynamics, infrastructure,
housing, socioeconomic indicators, and employment patterns within Pabna Municipality.
2.1 Population:
Based on the 2011 population census conducted by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics
(BBS), Pabna city was recorded to have a population of 144,442. Accounting for
Bangladesh's average urban population growth rate of 3.5% annually, it's estimated that the
city's population has grown significantly since then. Additionally, factoring in a floating
population of approximately 10%, comprising transient workers like farmers and traders
who migrate to the city daily, the current estimated population as of 2020 stands at around
198,427. But from 2022 population census the population was found 175,982. This growth
underscores the city's increasing appeal as a center for commerce, employment, and
livelihood opportunities. Moreover, it highlights the evolving dynamics of urbanization in
Bangladesh, where cities like Pabna continue to experience demographic shifts and
expansion over time. The density is high in the center and south, ranging from 20,001 to
21,266 per sq km. The population density in the East and West are lower, ranging from

4. 4
4,499 to 5,000 per sq km. From 2022 BBS report the present population of Pabna
Municipality is 175982.
2.2 Area:
The total area of Pabna district is 2372 square kilometers. Pabna is one of Bangladesh's
most ancient and significant districts. It is conveniently situated near roads, waterways, and
railroads. It is also close to the Isamoti River. Having been established as a municipality in
1876, it is among the subcontinent's oldest towns. There are 53 district-level municipalities
in the nation, including Pabna. Pabna Pauroshova covers an area of 27.27 square kilometers,
consisting of 15 wards and 46 Mohollas.
2.3 Road Network:
Currently, within the confines of Pabna municipality, a network of roads spans a total
distance of 213 kilometers. Among these, the predominant type is bituminous road,
covering approximately 162 kilometers. Additionally, there are 4.5 kilometers of Herring-
Bone-Bond (HBB) road, 20.10 kilometers of cement concrete road, 1.8 kilometers of Water
Bound Macadam (WBM) road, and 24.60 kilometers designated as earthen road. This
diverse road infrastructure not only facilitates connectivity within the municipality but also
reflects a commitment to providing varied transportation options catering to the needs of
residents and businesses alike.
2.4 Housing:
The need for housing in the Pabna municipality is growing over time as a result of
population growth and the movement of people from rural to urban areas, where housing
service is a visible indicator of a hygienic living environment. As per the 2011 Population and

5. 5
Household Census, there are 33217 households in Pabna Pourashava. The average size of the
household is 4.2. According to 2020 population parameter total housing of Pabna
Municipality is 42,848. According to the 2011 Population and Housing Census, the
Pourashava people reside in Pucca, Semi-Pucca, Kutcha, and Jhupri homes. puccas make up
the largest percentage of Pourashava general households (41.34 percent). The proportion of
other. Based on the Pourashava structure type, the majority of general households consist
of 31.83 percent semi-pucca households, 26.43 percent katcha households, and a mere 0.4
percent jhupri households.
2.5 Socioeconomic Conditions:
The present socioeconomic condition of Pabna Municipality reflects a dynamic landscape
influenced by various factors such as urbanization, industrialization, and government
initiatives aimed at improving living standards. The traditional agrarian activities in Pabna
Municipality have given way to a more diversified economy. There has been growth in
industries like manufacturing, commerce, and services, but agriculture still plays a big part.
Residents now have more opportunities to generate income and find work thanks to this
economic diversification.
2.6 Employment Status:
According to a 2007 UGIIP survey, the subproject area is inhabited by people with a variety
of occupations. Trade and business are the primary sources of income for the people of
Pabna Pourashava. Maintaining a living here also heavily depends on the service. 34% of
respondents are in trade and business, 21% are service providers, 12% are day labourers,
11% are skilled workers, 3% are hawkers, 1% are farmers, and 7% are involved in other
activities, according to the survey data. The Pabna economy is primarily a commercial one.
However, this region's economy also heavily depends on the agricultural and service
sectors. Non-farm establishments primarily receive their revenue from factories, sawmills,
rice mills, construction, wholesale, and retail trade, lodging and dining establishments,
public administration and defence, banking, insurance and financial institutions,
transportation storage and communication, real estate and leasing, education, health and
social work, and community, social and personal services. Among the well-known mills and
factories are AR Cement Factory, AR Auto Rice Mills, Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Square
Toiletries Ltd., Edruc Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Universal Food Ltd., and Square Chemical
Factory, among others.
3. Urbanization Rate in Pabna Municipality:
Urbanization refers to the population shift from rural areas to urban areas, the gradual increase
in the proportion of people living in urban areas, and the ways in which each society adapts to
this change. The urban population of Bangladesh was only 6.27 million in 1974 but grew to

6. 6
over 39 million in 2011. The urbanization level has jumped from 8.78 percent to 27.66 percent
in this period. The study focuses on the trend of urban growth in Pabna municipality from the
year 2001 to 2051. The urbanization level of Pabna municipality has also been calculated. The
study is mainly based on secondary data. Data have been collected from different published
materials like Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, relevant writings of some scholars. The data
from the year 1991 to 2011 have been analyzed to evaluate the urbanization process in Pabna
municipality. Population projection by incremental increase method has been used to
estimate the population from 2021 to 2051. Level of Urbanization or simply Urbanization
refers to the portion of population living in the urban areas. The following formula is used to
find the urbanization rate:
Ui/Ri*100
Where,
Ui=Urban population of a country.
Ri=Rural Population of a country
Tabel 1: Level of Urbanization in Pabna Municipality
Here total population of Pabna Sadar Upazila and population of Pabna municipal area have
been used for calculating level of urbanization from the year 1991 to 2051. The result is shown
in the table (Table 1). From the table, it is found that level of urbanization in Pabna
municipality was 23.93 in the year 1991. The current level of urbanization in Pabna
municipality is almost 24.44 which is the highest level of urbanization in Pabna municipality
from the year 1991 and the projected urbanization level is gradually decreased from 24.44
and eventually in 2051, the projected level of urbanization is calculated as 23.69. The gradual
change of urbanization level in Pabna municipality is shown in the chart (Figure 1).
Here total population of Pabna Sadar Upazila and population of Pabna municipal area have
been used for calculating level of urbanization from the year 1991 to 2051. The result is shown
in the table (Table 1). From the table, it is found that level of urbanization in Pabna
municipality was 23.93 in the year 1991. The current level of urbanization in Pabna
municipality is almost 24.44 which is the highest level of urbanization in Pabna municipality
from the year 1991 and the projected urbanization level is gradually decreased from 24.44
and eventually in 2051, the projected level of urbanization is calculated as 23.69. The gradual
change of urbanization level in Pabna municipality is shown in the chart (Figure 1).
Year population Level of
Urbanization
%
Pabna Sadar
Upazila
Pabna
Mnucipality
1991 431513 103277 23.93
2001 476932 116305 24.39
2011 590914 144442 24.44
2021 739178 180134 24.37
2031 956004 230934 24.16
2041 1241394 296844 23.91
2051 1595346 377862 23.69

7. 7
Figure 1: Trend of Urbanization Level in Pabna Municipality
Here is a
data of
urban
growth
of each
ward of
the
municipality which is found from the population of 2001 and 2011 and as well we showed
the estimated urban growth for the year 2041 and 2051. From table 2 it is seen that highest
urban growth rate is 6.86 in ward no 8, which is very high. Overall urban growth rate in
Pabna municipality is 2.19. Urban growth rate in the ward 7, 8 and 15 is very high. On the
other hand, urban growth rate is very low in ward no 2, ward no 4, ward no 12 and ward no
14. Again, on Table 3 the urban growth in the year 2014 is estimated 2.54% and in the year
2051 it is 2.44, so we can say that urban growth will show slight fall in the year 2051.
Tabel 2: Ward wise urban growth rate of Pabna Municipality
Ward No. Population Urban growth rate (%)
2001 2011
1 7513 8502 1.24
2 13254 13661 0.3
3 5461 7871 3.72
4 7457 7505 0.06
5 6910 9046 2.73
6 6792 8283 2
7 7313 10374 3.56
8 3624 7038 6.86
9 7142 11492 4.87
10 10192 11425 1.15
11 9695 12880 2.88
12 8817 9662 0.92
13 9097 10920 1.84
14 5909 6197 0.48
15 7129 9586 3.01
Total 116305 144442 2.19
23.20
23.40
23.60
23.80
24.00
24.20
24.40
24.60
1991 2001 2011 2021 2031 2041 2051
Level
of
Urbanization
Year
Level of Urbanization in Paban Municipality

8. 8
Table 3: Estimated urban growth rate of Pabna Municipality
Year Population in Pabna City Urban growth rate (%)
1991 103277 -
2001 116305 1.2
2011 144442 2.19
2021 180134 2.23
2031 230934 2.52
2041 296844 2.54
2051 377862 2.44
Impact of urbanization in Pabna Municipality:
Housing Problem: The housing demand of Pabna municipality is increasing over time due
to the increasing of population and migration of people from rural to urban area for which
housing service is the visible phenomenon of people’s living in a hygienic place. Many
developer companies have been arisen to build house and hostel for urban upcoming
settlements. Therefore, the housing situation becomes haphazard, erratic and
unsatisfactory in the Pabna city.
Traffic Congestion: Due to rapid urban growth, number of vehicles is increasing
significantly. There are various types of vehicles in Pabna municipality like rickshaw, van,
motorbike, autobike, taxi, CNG, truck, bus, microbus, minibus, private car, motor vehicles,
three wheelers etc. Due to illegal parking and high pressure of vehicles on narrow roads are
the main causes of traffic congestion in Pabna municipality.
Pressure on service facilities: The population of Pabna city is increasing every year. As a
result, pressure on service facilities like on school, college, health facilities, bazars, religious
institution and recreational facilities is also increasing immensely. The service facilities are
covering much more catchment area than the standard. The population coverage of each
service facilities is also very high.
4. Population Projection:
Population projections using the incremental increase method have been used to estimate
urban growth for the year 2041 and 2051. The population of the Pabna municipality in the
years 1991, 2001, and 2011 was obtained from BBS. The following formula is used to find
the population projection:
Pn=P+n*X+(n*(n+1)/2) *Y
pn= Population of nth Decade.
P=Actual Population.

9. 9
n=Number of Decades.
X=Average Increase.
Y=Incremental Increase.
Table 4. Population Projection of Pabna Municipality by Incremental Increase
Method
Area Pabna Municipality
Year Census Population Year Projected Population
1991 103277 2021 180134
2001 116305 2031 230934
2011 144442 2041 296844
2051 377862
From table 4 Considering a 3.5% annual urban population growth rate the estimated
population of Pabna municipality,2021 is 180134. We also found that the estimated
population for the year 2041 is 296844 and 2051 is 377862. From the table it is clear that
population is showing a upward trend as a result density of urban population will also
increase.
103277
116305
144442
180134
230934
296844
377862
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
300000
350000
400000
1991 2001 2011 2021 2031 2041 2051
Population
Years
Population Projection of Pabna Municipality

10. 10
5. Economic Analysis:
Economic base analysis can be used as a technique to project local or regional employment
by relating it to national employment projections. Economic base theory has several
advantages as an explanation for how the economy works, and how the economy a region
can generate prosperity and it is easy to explain non-technical way. Here is the formula to
economic analysis:
Employment Multiplier: Ke = Et/Eb
Where, Ke = Employment Multiplier
Et = Total Employment
Eb = Basic Employment
Total Employment= Basic employment + Non-basic employment.
In Pabna, there are 159 basic employment and 194 non-basic employment. Total
employment is 353. Therefore, the employment multiplier is 1.81.
It means that if a new factory opens up and directly employs 100 people, the indirect
employment generated in related industries (like suppliers of raw materials, transportation,
etc.) and the induced employment (additional jobs created due to increased consumer
spending by those newly employed) might lead to a total of 181 jobs being created.
6. Threshold Analysis:
Threshold analysis is an important tool used in town planning to determine the minimum
number of people required to support a particular service.
It involves analyzing the demand for service or facility taking into account factors such as
population density, income level, and transportation accessibility.
6.1Future Service Facilities:
Table: Recommended Threshold Standard of different community facilities in Pabna
municipality
Type Population Threshold Area in acre Service Radius in
Km
Pre-Primary
Education
5000 0.2-0.4 0.5-1
Primary School 5000 2 1-1.5

11. 11
Secondary School 20000 5 1-2
College 30000-35000 5-7 2-3
Vocational Training 50000 3-4
Hospital (General) 1-2 lakh 10-20 Home to facility
distance (2-3)
Maternity/Childcare 5000 1 Home to facility
distance (2-3)
Park/Open space 1000 1 0.5-1
Sport Stadium 20000 3 2-3
Community center 20000 1 1-2
Religious facility 5000 0.5 0.5-1
Cemetery 20000 5 2-3
Post
Office/Telephone
Exchange
20000 0.5 2-3
Bus Terminal 20000 1
Police Station 20000 2
There is almost 125 educational institute in Pabna Municipality of which there are 77
primary school, 20 high-school and 7 colleges. Well, the numbers have exceeded the
minimum number of requirements already. 2 more colleges can be introduced as well as 5
more secondary school can be established. Especially in ward 8, ward 15 there is
considerably much less institutes than in ward 2 and 10.
There is 250 bed general hospital, eye hospital, Sheba hospital, TB hospital 67clinics, 76
diagonistic centers in Pabna Paurashava. Here the general hospital can only accommodate
250 people, which is very less for a large growing population Pabna Municipality, the bed
number should be increased for such population. The people of ward ward 14 and ward 15
has to travel a long way to get their treatment. So clinics or other health facilities should be
provided there.
6.2Waste disposal site:
There is a Pourashava dumping site in the Fakirpur neighborhood under Ward 09. The area
of the dumping site is 7.2 Acres. To move the trash from each home to a dustbin and then
from the dusbin to the disposal site, there are 5-6 vans per ward and eight garbage trucks.
In the Pourashava areas, there are 437 plastic dusbin and 135 RCC dustbin. According to the
Conservancy Department of the Pourashava, at present the Pourashava generates
approximately 49.5 metric tons of solid waste per day. With the existing resources, the
Pourashava is able to collect approximately 40 metric tons and dispose of it every day. The
remaining solid waste is scattered around and there are no sanitary landfills or other
facilities, such as burning facilities in the Pourashava. The 10 towns include Cumilla, Pabna,
Jamalpur, Natore, Shariatpur, Sirajganj, Laxmipur, Bagerhat, Narsingdhi and Patuakhali.
In this regard, the Local Government Division has undertaken a project titled “Integrated

12. 12
Sanitation and Hygiene in 10 Priority Cities of Bangladesh (Integrated Solid and Human
Waste Management),” to ensure sustainable sanitation and proper
Figure: Current waste disposal sites ward-wise
health service in the project areas. It will also help get rid of human waste with the new
waste management system. The project areas will be free from environmental pollution as
well. The main components of the project include setting up 10 modern waste management
systems along with 10 human waste management systems. A total of 19 disposal machines,
37 transfer stations and 63 community latrines will be established while other necessary
equipment will be procured under the project.
Figure: Proposed waste disposal sites ward-wise

13. 13
The Pabna municipality will add 9 more waste disposal sites 2 in ward 4 and ward 13 and 1
site in ward 15, ward 14, ward 8, ward 6 and ward 11.
6.3 Park:
There are total of 3 parks in Pabna Municipality of which Sheikh Rasel Amusement Park is in
Ward 2, Bir Muktijoddha Mohammed Shahabuddin Park in Ward 5, and Pabna Municipal
Park which is still under construction is in ward 8, it is hoped that this proposed park would
facilitate 1000 people per acre with proper park facilities and services, along with different
habitants for different species and purify the air circulation of the municipality and offer
carbon sequestration.
Well these 3 parks are not enough to serve such a vast population of the municipality and it
will be only beneficial for people who are living closer to the current park area.
Possible parks area for Pabna municipality can be provided in ward 10 and ward number 15.
Figure: Suitable Park Location in Ward 10

14. 14
Ward 10 has a lot of open land and a great recreation center can be established in the area
for entertainment of the growing population.
Figure: Suitable Park Location in Ward 15
In ward number 15 a park can be proposed beside the Mental hospital and in back part of
Pabna Medical Collage. This ward is very far from the present recreation center so a park for
the people of this ward can be given in the area.
6.4 Commercial and Residential Development:
A commercial area within a city or town is characterized by its predominant utilization for
business-related activities, encompassing establishments such as offices, retail outlets, dining
establishments, and entertainment venues like theaters. Distinct from residential districts and
industrial zones, commercial areas are tailored to facilitate the operations of for-profit
enterprises and cater to consumer needs and preferences. These zones serve as bustling
hubs of economic activity, attracting a diverse array of businesses and clientele seeking
goods and services. The layout and infrastructure of commercial areas are often designed to
accommodate high foot traffic and vehicular access, with amenities such as parking facilities
and pedestrian-friendly features. Moreover, commercial real estate in these areas typically
commands premium prices due to their strategic location and potential for lucrative business
ventures.

15. 15
Figure: Existing Commercial areas
The existing commercial areas are in mainly ward-2 that play or boost the economic growth
of the Pabna municipality and attract the investors to invest in the commercial sites. Pabna’s
main economical growth occurs due to business. Ononto is a great area for commercial
development. Already a rapid increase of commercial area has started in ward 3 and 4. The
population density of both these wards are high.
Figure: Proposed Commercial areas
A residential area pertains to land primarily designated for housing purposes, excluding
commercial or industrial usage. Such areas accommodate various housing types, ranging
from single-family dwellings and multi-family residences to mobile homes. Effective
residential development necessitates meticulous planning to ensure the provision of
adequate living standards and amenities. Additionally, residential design principles
encompass guidelines for landscaping, specifying the quantity and types of shrubbery, as
well as standards for all aspects of the development's design. Furthermore, residential lots
are typically required to have direct access to public or private thoroughfares, adhering to

16. 16
national building codes that offer recommendations for fostering appealing, habitable, and
pedestrian-friendly communities.
There is a number residential project which are occurring under Latif group a real estate
group of Pabna Municipality. Ward 9 is a great area to start a new residential area as a
government project Icamoti Riverview Project has started from that area as a result future
attraction might increase in the area
Figure: Proposed Residential Area in ward 9
Another possible area for residential real estate development is in ward 15 a ward with very
low population density. There is a large are infront of Pabna Mental Hospital that can have
future outcomes for development. Beside the area is close to BSCIC industrial area so a
residential area close to the work place can bring a great impact as people have not to travel
far to do their job.
Figure: Proposed Residential Area in ward 15

17. 17
7.Future land requirements for different service facilities:
Figure 1: Land use classification in Pabna Paurashava area
The population Pabna is rapidly increasing due to its urbanization and as a result in future it
will be hard to support the increasing amount of people. So in 2040 and 2050 it cannot
provide proper facilities with just 27.27 sq.km of land, so future land acquisition should be
started. Mahendrapur, Rajapur, Dilalpur are some of the possible areas which might join the
pabna paurasava. Different areas have different land use planning and land use planning
practices and its rules and regulations. If we dive into the land use planning, it is concerned
that how much land is occupied at present situation and what will be the future demand of
land use planning and in this regard, zoning will help us to control land use planning and
future demand. The future land should develop considering the below standards this might
help to get a proper city with well maintained facilities. Zoning regulation will help to
control grow of specific facilities.
Sl # Land use pattern Area in acres Area in
Percentage
1 Residential 1784.648 46.21%
2 Commercial 96.926 2.51%
3 Industrial 171.559 4.44%
4 Educational 171.877 4.45%
5 Religious 62.465 1.62%
6 Service 76.662 1.99%
7 Agricultural 699.626 18.12%
8 Recreational 18.669 0.48%
9 Mixed use 15.975 0.41%
10 Vacant 50.151 1.30%
11 Water bodies 306.281 7.93%
12 Offices 81.531 2.11%
13 Social Services 3.414 0.09%
14 Restricted 38.123 0.99%
15 Transport & communication 264.495 6.85%
16 Miscellaneous 19.786 0.51%
Total 3862.188 100%

18. 18
Use/Facilities Recommended
Standard
Estimation land in Acre
General Housing 200 person/acre 1889.31
Wholesale market 1 acre/10000 population 37.78
Super Market 1.50-2.50 acres/per
supermarket
2.50
Industry 1.5 acres/1000
population
566.79
Education Recommended
Standard
Estimation land in Acre
Nursery 0.5 acre/10000
population
18.89
Primary/Kindergarten 2 acres/5000 population 151.14
Secondary/High School 5 acres/20000
population
94.46
College 10 acres/20000
population
188.93
Vocational training
center
5-10 acres/ municipality 5-10
Other 5 acres/20000
population
94.46
Health Services Recommended
Standard
Estimation land in Acre
Health Complex 10-20 acres/
municipality
20-30
Maternity clinic 1 acre/5000 population 75.57
Government Office Recommended
Standard
Estimation land in acre
Municipality Office 3-5 acres 3-5
Jail 10 acres 10
Community facilities Recommended
Standard
Estimation land in acre
Religious building 0.5 acre/20000
population
9.44
Eidgah/Graveyard 1 acre/20000 population 18.89
Community center 1 acre/20000 population 18.89
Police station 3-5 acres 5
Police box 1 acre/20000 population 18.89
Fire Station 3-5 acres 5-7
Post office 0.5 acre/20000
population
9.44
Recreational facilities Recommended
Standard
Estimation land in acre
Playground 3 acres/20000
population
56.67
Stadium/Sport complex 6-10 acres/municipality 10

19. 19
Utility services Recommended
Standard
Estimation land in acre
Solid waste disposal site 1 acre/20000 population 18.89
Waste transfer station 4-10 acres/municipality 10
Electric substation 1 acre/20000 population 18.89
Telephone exchange 1 acre/20000 population 18.89
Fuel station 0.5 acre/20000
population
9.44
Gas 1 acre/20000 population 18.89
Water supply 1 acre/20000 population 18.89
Transportation facilities Recommended
Standard
Estimation land in acre
Bus terminal 1 acre/20000 population 18.89
Truck terminal 0.5 acre/20000
population
9.44
Baby taxi station 0.25 acre/ one baby taxi
stand
0.25
8. Conclusion:
In summary, the dynamics of urbanization within Pabna municipality underscore a pressing
need for strategic intervention. The evident disjunction between low urbanization rates and
soaring urban growth accentuates the imperative to address the challenges posed by
unplanned urbanization. The resulting urban congestion, disorderliness, and environmental
degradation not only compromise the residents' quality of life but also impede the city's
accessibility standards.
To effectively counteract the adverse ramifications of rapid urbanization, a comprehensive
approach is warranted. This entails the decentralization of service provisions, meticulous
threshold analyses, and accurate land requirement estimations. Additionally, the
implementation of advocacy planning strategies, enforcement of rigorous land use planning
protocols, and adherence to zoning regulations are pivotal. Furthermore, fostering urban
afforestation initiatives emerges as a crucial endeavor.
By earnestly adopting these measures, Pabna municipality can navigate its urban
development towards a more sustainable trajectory. Such endeavors are vital for
safeguarding the welfare of its inhabitants, while concurrently preserving the environmental
equilibrium and augmenting overall accessibility and livability standards within the city.

20. 20
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SFD lite report Pabna Municipality. (n.d.). www.sfd.susana.org.
Mohammed. (n.d.).bip. Revisiting Planning Standards of Community Facilities for Urban
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Engineering & Technology. https://doi.org/10.37591/rtcet.v10i1.3554
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