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1. POINTS TO CONSIDER WHEN MAKING EDGE FINISHES
• The type of material or fabric e.g. closely woven fabrics which do not
fray or ravel may be finished with pinking shears.
• The shape of the edge to be finished. Curved edge that stretch e.g.
necklines, armholes can be finished with bias binding or facing.
• The purpose of the finishing, for instance the finishing can be for
decoration with some bound, frills, fringes or attaching lace finishes.

2. EDGE FINISHES
• Edge finishes are process of treating raw edges of an article or garment. Edge
finishes are made to prevent fraying of the raw edges of the fabric or garment and
thus, make the fabric edge more durable and attractive.
• They also provide a neat appearance to the inner side of the garment. Although edge
finishes are not essential for completion of the garment, it can add durability to a
garment’s life.
• There are various types of edge finishes. They may be carried out by hand stitches
or by sewing machine.

3. REASONS FOR FINISHING RAW EDGES
• To neaten the edge of the garment
• To secure the edge and prevent fraying and raveling of fabric
• To decorate an edge e.g. using bias binding for finishing necklines and armholes
• To strengthen the edge.

4. THE EDGES THAT REQUIRES FINISHING
• Necklines
• Armholes
• Hems
• Edges of table cloth
• Edges of chair backs etc.

5. THE FOLLOWING ARE TYPES OF EDGE FINISHES
1. FACING: A facing is a piece of fabric used to finish raw edges of a garment at
open areas, such as the neckline, armholes, etc.
• A facing may be a separate pattern piece to be added to the garment or an
extension of the pattern piece itself.
• The facing is cut on the same grain as the garment section it will “face” so it will
wear and hang in the same manner.
• When adding a facing to your garment, here are a few standards to go by. The
facing should fit smoothly.
• The seam and the facing should not show from the outside of the finished
garment.

6. • The facing should be the same shape and grain as the edge to be faced.
• The facing should be flat, smooth, and free from bulk. If bulk is created by joined
seams, trim or notch out the excess seam fabric to create a smooth outer appearance.
• The outer edges of the facing should be finished. Choose a finish that is appropriate for
the fabric being used to prevent raveling or curling.
• To hold the seam allowance in place, the facing must be under stitched 1/8 in.
• There are two ways for making facing, shaped facing and bias facing.

7. • A shaped facing is a separate piece of fabric cut from a pattern to the same shape and on
the same grain as the garment edge it will finish.
• An extended facing is cut as an extension of the garment and then folded back along the
edge it finishes

8. • A bias facing is a narrow strip of lightweight fabric cut on the bias so that it can be
shaped to conform to the curve it will finish. Bias facings are often used on sheer
fabrics to eliminate a wide facing that may show through.

9. • A facing should also have the appropriate interfacing applied to the fabric.
• The type of fabric used will depend on the type of interfacing used.
• Interfacing should always be used when facings are called for in a pattern–even if the
pattern does not require interfacing.
• The interfacing prevents stretching or sagging of the neckline or sleeves, acts as
reinforcement for the area, and gives the garment a smooth but firm body.

10. THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF FACING
• Facing for neatening
• Decorative facing

11. 2. BIAS BINDING
• Bias is a diagonal line of direction across a woven fabric and it is also known as
cross-way strips.
• True bias is the direction on woven fabric that has the greatest amount of stretch.
• Because of this stretch, bias-cut strips are often used for bindings, and covering
for cording.
• Bias strips can be made from fashion fabric or purchased as bias binding in a
variety of colours and widths.

12. Process of getting Cross – way strips

13. 3. HEMS
• A hem is the finished edge of a garment, such as the lower edge of a pants leg, sleeves or
tops.
• There are several types of hems and hem finishes to choose from. The type of hem you
choose depends largely on the style of garment, the type of fabric and your personal
preference.
• Hems can single layer fold or double layer fold
• The hem can be finished either by hand or machine and the following are various types
hemming.
• The slip hemming is a finishing stitch. Use to hem garments with regular fold-up hems and
for attaching the bias to the inside of necklines, waist edges, and sleeve/skirt/pant hems.

14. Already- made bias

15. • Blind hem stitch is completely hidden on the front of the garment and almost completely
hidden on the inside of the garment too.
• The sewer catches only a few threads of the fabric each time the needle is pulled through
the fabric, which means that the majority of the stitching is hidden inside the hem.
Machine finish

16. Attaching Lace Attaching Fringes Attaching Frills