Concrete is one of the most versatile building materials. ▶ It can cast to fit any structural shape from a cylindrical water storage tank to a rectangular beam or column in a high rise building. ▶ The advantages of using concrete include high compressive strength, good fire resistance, high water resistance, low maintenance, and long service life. ▶ The disadvantages of using concrete include poor tensile strength low strain of fracture and formwork requirement. ▶ The major disadvantage is that concrete develops micro cracks during curing. ▶ It is the rapid propagation of these micro cracks under applied stress that is responsible for the low tensile strength of the materials, hence fibres are added to concrete to overcome these disadvantages. ▶ The addition of fibres in the matrix has many important effects. Most notable among the improved mechanical characteristics of fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) are its superior fracture strength, toughness, impact resistance, flexural strength resistance to fatigue, improving fatigue performance is one of the primary reason for the extensive use of steel fibre reinforced concrete(SFRC) in pavements, bridge decks, offshore structure and machine foundation.

1. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF
CONCRETE USING CORRUGATED
STEEL FIBRE
Y ABISHA
Assistant Professor
Department of Civil

2. INTRODUCTION
▶ Concrete is one of the most versatile building materials.
▶ It can cast to fit any structural shape from a cylindrical water storage tank to a rectangular
beam or column in a high rise building.
▶ The advantages of using concrete include high compressive strength, good fire resistance, high
water resistance, low maintenance, and long service life.
▶ The disadvantages of using concrete include poor tensile strength low strain of fracture and
formwork requirement.
▶ The major disadvantage is that concrete develops micro cracks during curing.
▶ It is the rapid propagation of these micro cracks under applied stress that is responsible for the
low tensile strength of the materials, hence fibres are added to concrete to overcome these
disadvantages.
▶ The addition of fibres in the matrix has many important effects. Most notable among the
improved mechanical characteristics of fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) are its superior fracture
strength, toughness, impact resistance, flexural strength resistance to fatigue, improving fatigue
performance is one of the primary reason for the extensive use of steel fibre reinforced
concrete(SFRC) in pavements, bridge decks, offshore structure and machine foundation.

3. ABSTRACT
▶ Concrete is characterized by brittle failure thus nearly complete loss of loading
capacity, once the failure is initiated.
▶ This characteristic, which limits the application of the material, can be overcome by
the incorporation of steel fibre.
▶ Steel fibers in concrete are mostly used for resisting cracks and increase the strength
of concrete moreover steel fibre also helps in enhancing toughness, ductility and
damage tolerance.
▶ In this project, the effect of corrugated steel fibre on concrete is observed with partial
incorporation of steel fibre as a percentage of the total volume of concrete. Strength
tests are done on standard-sized specimen of cubes, cylinders and beams.
▶ Three age level 7days, 14 days and 28 days tests are done for compressive strength
test, split tensile strength test and flexural strength test.
▶ The test parameter includes preparing mix of M25 grade of control mix as well as
steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) with steel fibre content of 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%
(by volume of concrete) for each grade.

4. OBJECTIVE
▶ The objective of the present study was to investigate experimentally the
properties of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete(SFRC) with the following test
results:
1. Compressive strength
2. Split tensile strength
3. Modulus of Rupture
▶ And these test results are compared with conventional concrete.

5. ADVANTAGES OF USING CORRUGATED
STEEL FIBRE IN CONCRETE
▶ Elimination of manufacturing, handling, storage and positioning of
reinforcement cages.
▶ Reduction in the production in the cycle time resulting increased productivity.
▶ Improved impact resistance during handling, erection.
▶ Increased load bearing capacity and less spalling damage.
▶ No damage to sealing due to reinforcement.
▶ Excellent corrosion, resistance, spalling is totally excluded.
▶ Reinforces against the effect of shattering forces.

6. LITERATURE REVIEW
▶ M.Heeralal, P.Rathish Kumar, Y.V.Rao in their paper “Flexural Fatigue Strength Of
Steel Fibrous Concrete”.
▶ This paper reports investigation conducted to study the fatigue performance of steel fibre
reinforced concrete containing fibres of mixed aspect ratio.
▶ An extensive experimental program was conducted in which 90 flexural fatigue tests were
carried out at different stress levels on size 500mmx100mm SFRC specimens respectively
containing 1.0%, 1.5% and 2% volume fraction of fibres.
▶ Strength of steel fibrous reinforced concrete was marginally more than no fibrous concrete.

7. ▶ Nguyen Van chanh , in his paper “Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete”. In this
paper, the mechanic properties, technologies, and applications of SFRC are
discussed.
▶ Steel fibre enhances the static compressive strength of concrete from nil to
25%, tensile strength as high as 133% and flexural strength of more than 100%
having been reported.

8. ▶ M.A.Tantary, Prasad, Upadhyay Akhil in their paper “Influence Of Steel
Fibres On The Shear Strength Of Concrete”.
▶ In this paper, an experimental analysis was performed on a series of reinforced
concrete fibre beams loaded in shear.
▶ It was observed that there is substantial increase in cracking and ultimate shear
strength of concrete with the increase in volume fraction of fibres.
▶ Ductile behavior was noted in fibre based beams during testing.

9. ▶ Nemkumar Banthia, Vivek Bindiganavile, John Jones, Jeffnovak in their
paper “Fibre Reinforced Concrete In Precast ConcreteApplication”.
▶ This paper summarizes common fibre types and their application in precast
concrete.
▶ The role of fibre reinforcement in improving the mechanical properties and
durability of cement based system is described

10. ▶ H.Oucief, M.F.Habita, B.Redjel, in their paper “Hybrid Fibre Reinforced
Self Compacting Concrete”.
▶ In this paper flexure toughness tests were performed and results were
extensively analysed to identify synergy, if any associated with various fibre
combinations.
▶ Based on various analysis schemes, the paper identifies fibre combinations that
demonstrate maximum synergy in terms of flexural toughness.

11. METHODOLOGY
SELECT MATERIALS
PRELIMINARYTESTS
DESIGNAND ADJUST MIX
CASTING OF SPECIMENS
CURING FOR 7,14AND 28 DAYS
VERIFY PERFORMANCE IN THE LABORATORY
COMPARING THE PERFORMANCE WITH CC

12. MATERIAL SPECIFICATION
CEMENT:
▶ We use ordinary Portland cement of grade 53. Cement is a binder substance that sets and
hardens and can bind other materials together. Cement is manufactured through a closely
controlled chemical combination of calcium, silicon, aluminum, iron and other ingredients.
It has high compressive strength and good durability and can be used as a load bearing
member or structure for long term use.
FINEAGGREGATE:
▶ Fine aggregate is a major component of concrete and without it the concrete cannot function
intended. Fine aggregate for concrete can be classified as smooth on the individual granules.
Usually the fine aggregate used in concrete must be clean. Impurities in the fine aggregate
such as silt or organic matter will weaken the finalhardened concrete.

13. MATERIAL SPECIFICATION CONTI…
COARSEAGGREGATE:
▶ It is well recognized that coarse aggregate plays an important role in concrete typically
occupies over one third of the volume of concrete and research indicates that changing
coarse aggregate can change the strength and fracture properties of concrete. In high strength
concrete, a smaller maximum aggregate size is yields higher compressive strength.
WATER:
▶ Water plays an important role in mixing of concrete .water should be clean, fresh and free
from impurities .Reduction of water increase in strength of concrete and decreases
workability .The ratio of minimum quantity of water required to the weight of the cement to
obtain a desired concrete mix is called water cement ratio. The standard rate of water cement
ratio is 0.45 to 0.55.

14. MATERIAL SPECIFICATION CONTI…
STEELFIBRES:
▶ Steel fibers from Stewols & Co were used which had a length of 25mm and a diameter of
0.45mm resulting in an aspect ratio of about 55 and conforms to American standard ASTM
A820*.
▶ The tensile strength of fibre is in the range of 1200 N/mm2.

15. TEST FOR MATERIALS
TEST ON CEMENT:
Several tests were conducted in cement to find out its different properties. These tests are as
follows;
1. Specific gravity of cement
2. Fineness test on cement
3. Setting time test
PROPERTY VALUE
SPECIFIC GRAVITY 3.2
FINENESS 8.4%
INITIAL SETTING TIME 30minutes
FINAL SETTING TIME 10hours

16. TEST ON FINE AGGREGATE:
1. Sieve analysis
2. Specific gravity
PROPERTY VALUE
Fineness modulus 2.37
Specific gravity 2.5

17. TEST ON COARSE AGGREGATE:
1. Sieve analysis
2. Specific gravity test
3. Water absorption
4. Impact test
PROPERTY VALUE
FINENESS MODULUS 4.46
SPECIFIC GRAVITY 2.72
WATER ABSORPTION 0.7%
IMPACT TEST 4.65%

18. MIX DESIGN
Cement
(Kg/m3)
Fine
aggregate
(Kg/m3)
Coarse
Aggregate
(Kg/m3)
Water
(Kg/m3)
425.77 429 1205 191.6
1 1.33 2.61 0.38

19. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
Experiment on
SFRC
Corrugated steel
fibres
0.25% SFRC 0.50% SFRC 0.75% SFRC
6-Cubes
6-Cylinders
3-Beams
6-Cubes
6-Cylinders
3-Beams
6-Cubes
6-Cylinders
3-Beams
6-Cubes
6-Cylinders
3-Beams

20. CASTING:
- 24 Cubes
- 24 Cylinders
- 12 Beams
CURING:
- 7 Days, 14 Days and 28 Days
TESTING:
1. Compressive strength
2. Split tensile strength
3. Modulus of Rupture

21. RESULT
1. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
Specimen
Type
Average compressive strength in N/mm2
7 days 14 days 28 days
PCC 24.8 32.4 42.66
SFRC 0.25% 27.11 30.1 38.52
SFRC 0.5% 30.6 35.4 49.33
SFRC 0.75% 26.22 33.33 38.66

22. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
PCC SFRC 0.25% SFRC 0.5% SFRC 0.75 %
7 days
14 days
28 days

23. 2. TENSILE STRENGTH
Specimen
Type
Average tensile strength in N/mm2
7 days 14 days 28 days
PCC 2.405 2.44 2.54
SFRC 0.25% 2.40 2.88 3.11
SFRC 0.50% 2.68 3.44 4.24
SFRC 0.75% 2.68 2.98 3.25

24. TENSILE STRENGTH
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
PCC SFRC 0.25% SFRC 0.5% SFRC 0.75 %
7 days
14 days
28 days

25. 3. MODULUS OF RUPTURE
Specimen type First crack load in kN 28 days modulus of rupture in N/mm2
PCC
25.9 6.12
SFRC
(0.25%) 30.56 6.33
SFRC
(0.5%) 35.7 7.40
SFRC
(0.75%) 30.5 6.32

26. MODULUS OF RUPTURE
3
2
1
0
8
7
6
5
4
PCC SFRC 0.25% SFRC 0.5% SFRC 0.75 %
28 days
28 days

27. CONCLUSION
The following results are inferred based on the experimental results:
 Addition of steel fibres to concrete increases 50% concrete compressive strength.
 The addition of steel fibres increases the tensile strength. The tensile strength was found to be
maximum 50% with volume fraction of 0.5%.
 By the addition of steel fibres the flexural strength was found to increase 25%.
 The addition of fibre to concrete significantly increase its toughness and makes the concrete more
ductile as observed by the modes of failure of specimens.
 The ductility of steel fibre reinforced concrete was found to increase with increase in volume fraction
of fibres and the maximum increase was observed for crimped fibres with 0.5% volume fraction.
 Steel fibre reinforced concrete can be suggested for rehabilitation of deteriorated marine structures,
industrial flooring, warehouses, channel lining, etc.
 SFRC can be used as support of underground opening in tunnels and mines because of its increased
load bearing capacity.

28. REFERENCES
1.ASTM C-1018(1997) “Standard Specification for flexural toughness and first crask strength of fibre reinforced concrete &
shotcrete”.American society for testing and materials.
2.ASTM CH (1997) “Standard Specification for there reinforced concrete & shotcrete” American society for testing and
materials.
3. ASTM C78-79 (1997) “Standard Specification for flexural strength of concrete” (using simple beam with third point
loading)American society for testing and materials.
4.ASTMA820-97 (1997) “Standard Specification for steel fibre reinforced concrete”American society for testing and
materials.
5. ACI Structural Journal(2006) “ Steel Fibre concrete slabs on ground.”American Concrete Institute.
6.ACI Committee 544 (1984) “guide for specifying, mixing, placing and finishing Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete.”
American Concrete Institute.
7.PCI Journal(2012) “Fibre Reinforced Concrete in precast concrete application.”American Concrete Institute.
8. I.S:10262-1982 “Indian code for recommended guidelines for concrete mix design”.
9. I.S 456-2000 “Indian code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete (Fourth revision)”.
10. I.S 516-1959 “Indian code for method of tests for concrete”.

29. THANK YOU