Restoration and management of peatlands to fulfil bioenergy demand

Restoration and management of
peatlands to fulfil bioenergy demand
Session Title
“Can bioenergy from degraded peatlands provide a potential alternative to meet growing energy demands?
Lesson learned from Indonesia”
Sung Ho Choi,
AFoCO Secretariat
4 May 2022
Organized by International National Tropical Peatland Center

Copyright© AFoCO All rights reserved.
Contents
1. Introduction to AFoCO
2. Agroforestry Practices on Peatland in Indonesia
3. Way Forward for future cooperation

1. INTRODUCTION TO AFoCO

AFoCO
treaty-based inter-
governmental organization
established in 2018
Parties (13)
Bhutan
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
Indonesia
Kazakhstan
Lao PDR
Mongolia
Myanmar
Philippines
Republic of Korea
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Observers (3)
Malaysia
Singapore
Kyrgyz Republic
REPUBLIC
OF KOREA
KAZAKHSTAN
MONGOLIA
VIET NAM
PHILIPPINES
INDONESIA
MALAYSIA
THAILAND
MYANMAR
BHUTAN
CAMBODIA
LAO
PDR
BRUNEI
DARUSSALAM
TIMOR-LESTE
SINGAPORE
The Asian Forest Cooperation Organization (AFoCO)
as a Multilateral Agreement was registered with The
Secretariat of The United Nations (Treaty Collection No.
55833) since 13 December 2019.
KYRGYZ REPUBLIC

A greener Asia with resilient forests,
landscapes, and communities
with mission to
strengthen cooperation in the forest sector and
promote action-oriented practices of sustainable forest management
through policy support, capacity development, and inclusive
partnerships to address the adverse impacts of climate change.
Vision & Mission

Strategic Priorities and Call for Partnership
 AFoCO implements its projects, programs and activities revolving around its Strategic Priority Areas.
Initiating customized restoration & reforestation models
Supporting research & development in climate change
adaptation approaches
Introducing systematic management on forest-related
disasters
Local livelihood improvement & community- based
small enterprise development
Strengthening institutional capabilities, diversifying
resources & promoting regional actions
To contribute to the member
countries in:
• Achieving the global
goal of increasing
forest cover up to 3%
worldwide;
• Implementing the Paris
Agreement on climate
change particularly in
pursuit of policy
approaches for
adaptation in the forestry
sector;
• Improving livelihood
and income through
forestry-related activities

Initiating customized restoration & reforestation models
Supporting research & development in climate change
adaptation approaches
Introducing systematic management on forest-related
disasters
Local livelihood improvement & community- based
small enterprise development
Project Portfolio
1. Six (6) projects completed (~ USD 6.1 million)
2. 23 on-going projects (~ USD 27.5 million)
3. Eight (8) project under inception arrangements (~ USD 15.4 million)
(2013-March 2022)
TOTAL
PROJECT
VALUE
63%
37%
77.6 M
49.0 M
28.6 M

2. AGROFORESTRY PRACTICES ON
PEATLAND IN INDONESIA

TITLE: Capacity Building for Landscape Approaches to Support the
Sustainable Natural Resources Management in Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Philippines &
Singapore (AFOCO BIPS PROJECT)
 Project Duration: June 2016 – May 2019 (3 years)
 Project Budget: Total USD 539,726 (Indonesia: USD 112,746)
 Implementing Agency of Indonesia
: Forest Research and Development Center (FRDC), the Ministry of Environment and Forestry
 Project Site in Indonesia: Tumbang Unsa, Central Kalimantan Indonesia
 Objectives
- To intends and contributes management prescriptions of Peat Swamp Forest restoration as
a part of Natural Resource Management issues and concerns across BIPS countries;
- To produces technology packages of PSF restoration that increase community livelihood

 Background for BIPS Project in Indonesia
 Indonesia’s Peat Swamp Forests were excessively logged and opened to establish oil palm and pulpwood
plantations.
 The PSF and land fire in Central Kalimantan in 2015 has become the first source of greenhouse gas emission of
15.95 million tons of CO2 emission per day.
 The rehabilitation of after-burnt PSF needs to consider adaptive species and proven to have a good survival rate,
to minimize the poor soil condition with physical and chemical properties of peat after fires.
 Apart from the technical aspects of PSF restoration, “people-centered development” is necessary through a
landscape approach, building human capabilities, people’s well-being, and quality of life.

 BIPS-Indonesia: Project Milestones
YEAR 1
- Vegetation assessment
- Identification of
demonstration plots &
plantation
- Capacity building on
peatland optimization
using agroforestry
models
YEAR 2
- Bunkhouse
establishment at the
demonstration site
- Research on utilization
of microbes to
decompose wood
wastes in peatland
- Capacity building on
community-based
peatland management
YEAR 3
- National Workshop on
PSF Landscape
Restoration
- Cross-country visit
inviting BIPS
- Establishment of a
learning site using the
demonstration plot
RESTORING
PEATLAND FOREST
THROUGH
LANDSCAPE
APPROACHES BY
PROMOTING ECO-
FRIENDLY
AGROFORESTRY
PRACTICES OF
LOCAL FARMERS

2-ha demonstration plot in Tumbang Nusa PSF, Central Kalimantan
: To test adaptive agroforestry/tree spp to peatland restoration
: To use as a learning site for community-based peatland management
(*Another 2-ha plot established in Sebangau National Park)

Bunkhouse for project management
Canal: water reservoir for fire fighting & aquaculture as alternative income source

Capacity building on peatland
optimization using agroforestry
models, led by a local farmer
who had best practices
Mr. Tamanuruddin, a local farmer in
Kalampangan village who provided
local farmers with adaptive skills and
knowledge to manage and optimize
peatland as agroforestry, based on
his experiences over a decade.

Experiment of soil microbes
on the decomposition of
wood waste
: To reduce potential repeated-
fire risks in peatland areas
through woody-waste
reduction by wood-decay
fungi
: To improve soil conditions
rapidly
: To support making soil
compost for plantation in the
future

3. Way Forwards for Future Cooperation

• Socio-economic and environmental assessment for Bioenergy demand on the peatland
- Bioenergy is versatile and flexible solution that can assist the main challenges of
achieving climate neutrality by 2050
- Assess a role of bioenergy in achieving climate neutrality, as well as its
contribution to society considering the socio-economic and environmental impacts
• Assessment of plant species for efficient bioenergy production on the peatland
- Investigate the sites characteristics in close collaboration with government
institutions, universities and research institutes
- Conduct a progeny test of plant species for bioenergy production which can
adapt to the different peatland environments
- Find the suitable species based on the sites characteristics and the research to
address different issues like energy security, food security, climate change, and
poverty
 Collection of Basic Information

 AFoCO Project Development
• AFoCO Approach
1. Action-oriented
Focusing on transferring know-how, experience and technology related to
current issues on targeting rehabilitation of degraded & deforested areas
2. Regional-based
Fostering close cooperation through joint efforts of participating countries
towards a common regional goal
3. Country-driven
Developing projects based on each country’s priorities under specific national
strategies

 AFoCO Project Development
Planning Planting Management
Project Development
Seeds
Supply
Seedlings
Supply
Planting
Activity
Silvicultural
Work
• Prepare concept
notes
• Develop project
proposals
• Appraise project
documents
• Approved by the
AFoCO Assembly
• Collect the seeds
of target trees
species
• Store the seeds of
target tree species
• Establish nurseries
• Sow the seeds
• Cultivate the
seedlings
• Transport the
seedlings to the
planting sites
• Prepare the sites
• Conduct planting
• Survey the survival
rates
• Conduct
supplementary
planting
• Conduct
weeding,
pruning and
thinning
• Maintain the
sites
• AFoCO Project Development Procedures

• Role of member countries and AFoCO
• Establish national forest rehabilitation plans
• Provide land, resources persons, and necessary
administrative and coordination support
Member Countries
• Provide capacity development programs
• Provide proven technology and experts
• Secure and provide the funds for the project
AFoCO

• Establishment of Systematic Seeds Supply Systems
Creation of a Responsible
Department
Management of Plus Trees
Establishment of Seed
Orchards
Establishment of Seeds
Supply Systems
• Form an organizational structure
• Assign the personnel in charge of the work
• Perform the relevant work
• Develop the guidelines for the plus trees management
• Select the plus trees of suitable trees nationwide
• Manage the data for the plus trees
• Collect the seeds from the plus trees
• Establish seed orchards and seeds storage facilities at national
and local levels
• Develop the guidelines for the seeds management and
conduct the tests(sorting, treatments, germination, storage etc.)
• Calculate the required seeds amount
• Develop guidelines and information system for seeds supply
• Manage the seeds history using the system

• Establishment of Systematic Seedlings Supply Systems
Creation of a Responsible
Department
Management of Seedlings
Quality
Disease and Pest Management
of Seedlings
Establishment of Seedlings
Supply Systems
• Form an organizational structure
• Assign the personnel
• Implement the relevant work
• Develop the guidelines for the seedlings quality management
• Conduct the seedlings quality test (height, T/R ratio, DBH etc.)
• Analyze the data for the seedling quality
• Expand clonal forestry and tissue culture technology
• Calculate the amount of required seedlings
• Develop the guidelines for the disease and pest management of
seedlings
• Manage the disease and pest of seedlings
• Develop the guidelines and information system for the seedlings
supply
• Manage the seedlings history using the information system

Cultivation of Experts
Securement of Funds
• Train the resource persons through capacity development program
(AFoCO regular program, STEP program, Scholarship program,
community development program etc)
• Expand the fellowship programs to member countries
• Conduct the AFoCO projects using the AFoCO funds
• Secure the funds as fund raising activities
 Nurturing experts and Securing funds

 Improved Projects Procedures
Planning Planting Management
Project Development
Seeds
Supply
Seedlings
Supply
Planting
Activity
Silvicultural
Work
 Prepare concept
notes
 Develop the project
documents
 Appraise the project
documents
 Approved by the
AFoCO Assembly
 Collect the seeds
of target tree
species from seed
orchards
 Conduct seeds
quality tests
 Store the seeds of
target tree species
 Manage the seeds
history
 Supply the seeds
 Establish the
nurseries
 Treat the seeds
 Sow the seeds
 Cultivate the
seedlings
 Conduct the seedlings
quality tests
 Manage disease and
pest of seedlings
 Expand clonal forestry
and tissue culture
technology
 Transport the
seedlings to the
planting sites
 Prepare the sites
 Conduct planting
 Survey the survival
rates
 Conduct supplementary
planting
 Conduct weeding,
pruning and
thinning
 Protect the sites

“FOR GREENER ASIA!”

Restoration and management of peatlands to fulfil bioenergy demand

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