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1. Rome: From
Village to Empire

2. c. 750 BCE: Latins (tribe) settle what becomes Rome

3. See Rome Expand!

4. Let’s Talk Topography and Geography
peninsula mountains rivers

5. Rome is west of Apennines Mts: more fertile land & river access

6. The early Romans were mostly…
farmers

7. c. 600 BCE:
Etruscans Conquer
Rome…
…Romans adopt
Etruscan alphabet,
art, gods, building
techniques (including
the arch)

8. In 509 BCE...
…the
Romans
overthrew
the
Etruscans

9. It’s interesting to note that this was the precise time
that we think of Greece as entering its Classical Era.

10. Unlike the Athenians, who had a direct or participatory
democracy, the Romans established a representative
democracy, or, a REPUBLIC…
…like we have today

11. Roman Social Structure in the Republic
 Patricians: wealthy landowners and office-holders
 Plebeians: farmers, artisans, traders…could vote but
not hold political office
 Slaves: mostly prisoners of war…not
citizens…no rights

12. Roman Religion
 Polytheistic: belief in more
than one god
 Absorbed gods of
others…including the Greeks
 Lots of public festivals

13. Roman Women
 Educated just like boys
 Could NOT vote, but could testify in
court
 Gained property rights
 More influence in family than Greek women

14. 451 BCE: First Roman Law Code
TWELVE carved stone tablets
(Take that, Moses!)
THE TWELVE TABLES

15. Gradually, the
Romans began
to expand their
control…

16. …until they had conquered the entire Italian peninsula
plus the islands of Corsica, Sardinia and Sicily

17. As they expanded
their control…
…the Romans built
an excellent network
of roads

18. Here’s how they built them:

19. Their road system is one of the Romans’
greatest achievements
Why do you think they built them?

20. Right! The Roman Road System
 Allowed easy military transport
 Enabled trade and commerce
 Helped unify expanding Roman territories

21. Back to Roman expansion…who do you think
would be a likely rival for control of the
Mediterranean Sea?

22. Right again!
Carthage!!

23. Between 264-146 BCE the Romans
fought three wars with Carthage,
known as the Punic Wars.

24. Rome won…and went on to conquer the rest of
the Mediterranean world.

31. The period 27 BCE-180 AD (the last two
maps) is known as the:
PAX ROMANA

32. During this period:
o Romans thought they were the entire civilized world
o The population of the city of Rome reached 1 million
o Trade increased, bringing a wealth of resources into Rome
o The arts flourished
o Rome enjoyed military dominance

33. Well, that’s it for our quick overview of Rome’s
journey from small village to huge empire. Over the
next few weeks we will concentrate on the following:
 the influence of Greek culture upon the Romans
 Roman contributions to politics, technology and the
arts
 the rise of Christianity within the Roman Empire
 reasons for the decline and collapse of the Empire

34. Gallery of famous Romans
Julius Caesar
Marc Antony with
Egyptian Queen
Cleopatra
(Hollywood style)
Octavian
(“Augustus”)