2. WHAT IS TISSUE CULTURE
• Tissue culture, also known as cell culture or in vitro cultivation, is the
process of growing cells, tissues, or organs in a laboratory under
controlled conditions. It involves the isolation of cells from a plant or
animal and then growing them in a nutrient-rich solution in a sterile
environment. The cells are usually grown on a solid or liquid
medium that contains the necessary nutrients, hormones, and other
growth factors needed for their survival and growth.
•
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3. SEAWEED TISSUE CULTURE
• Seaweed tissue culture is the process of cultivating seaweed cells in
a laboratory under controlled conditions.
• Seaweed tissue culture involves the isolation of seaweed cells from
a parent plant and growing them in a nutrient-rich medium that
contains the necessary nutrients, hormones, and other growth
factors needed for their survival and growth.
• Seaweed tissue culture is used for a variety of purposes, including
the production of high-quality seaweed products, such as food,
cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
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4. FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE SEAWEED TISSUE
CULTURE
• Source of seaweed: The quality of the seaweed sample is an important
factor in the success of tissue culture. The seaweed should be healthy and
free from any signs of disease or contamination.
• Composition of the culture medium: The culture medium should
contain all the necessary nutrients, hormones, and growth factors required
for seaweed growth and development. The composition of the medium will
vary depending on the species of seaweed being cultured.
• Sterilization: It is important to sterilize all equipment, culture vessels, and
culture media to prevent contamination from bacteria, fungi, and other
microorganisms.
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5. • Environmental conditions: The environmental conditions, such as
temperature, light, and humidity, need to be carefully controlled to ensure
optimal growth and development of the seaweed culture.
• Harvesting: The timing and method of harvesting will depend on the
intended use of the seaweed. For example, if the seaweed is being used for
food, it should be harvested before it reaches maturity to ensure maximum
nutritional value.
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6. PROCESS OF THE CULTURE
• Collection of seaweed: The first step is to collect a sample of the
seaweed that is to be cultured. The sample is usually collected from the
wild, but in some cases, it may come from a pre-existing culture.
• Isolation of cells: The collected seaweed sample is then treated to
isolate individual cells. This can be done using enzymatic or mechanical
methods to break down the seaweed tissue and release the cells.
• Preparation of culture medium: A culture medium is prepared that
contains all the necessary nutrients, hormones, and growth factors needed
for the seaweed cells to grow and divide. The culture medium is sterilized to
prevent contamination.
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7. • Inoculation of cells: The isolated seaweed cells are then introduced into
the culture medium, either by suspension or by placing the cells onto the
surface of the medium.
• Incubation: The culture is incubated under controlled environmental
conditions, such as temperature, light, and humidity. The incubation period
can last for several weeks to several months, depending on the species of
seaweed being cultured and the desired outcome.
• Subculture: Once the seaweed culture has reached a certain size, it can
be sub cultured by transferring a portion of the culture to a new culture
medium to continue the growth cycle.
• Harvesting: The harvested seaweed can be processed into various
products such as food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.
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8. ADVANTAGES
• Sustainable production: Seaweed tissue culture can be used to
produce high-quality seaweed biomass in a sustainable and eco-
friendly manner, without the need for traditional agricultural
practices that can have a negative impact on the environment.
• Consistent quality: Seaweed tissue culture allows for the
production of seaweed biomass with consistent quality and
characteristics, which is important for commercial applications such
as food and pharmaceuticals.
• Genetic improvement: Seaweed tissue culture can be used for
genetic improvement and selection of desirable traits, such as
disease resistance and increased productivity.
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9. • Cost-effective: Seaweed tissue culture can be a cost-effective
method for the production of high-quality seaweed biomass, as it
allows for the efficient use of resources and space.
• Reduced dependence on wild harvest: Seaweed tissue culture
can help reduce the dependence on wild harvest of seaweed, which
can help conserve natural resources and reduce the impact of
overfishing on marine ecosystems.
• Diversification of products: Seaweed tissue culture can be used
to produce a range of products, including food, cosmetics, and
pharmaceuticals, which can help diversify industries and create new
economic opportunities.
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10. REFERENCES
1. Seaweed Culture and Marine Plant Products edited by Ronald L.
Sandland and Claire C. Sandland (2011)
2. Seaweed Tissue Culture: Methods and Applications edited by
Katsuhiro Shiraiwa and Se-Kwon Kim (2015)
3. Seaweed Invasions: A Synthesis of Ecological, Economic and Legal
Imperatives edited by Craig R. Johnson, Jeffrey T. Wright and Alan
T. Critchley (2013)
4. Algal Cultures, Analogues of Bloom and Environmental Change
edited by K. R. Timmermans, J. R. G. Davenport and S. Batten
(2006)
5. Seaweeds and their Role in Globally Changing Environments edited
by Charlene G. W. Carvalho and Zhigang Zhou (2010)
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