Apply the learnt lessons from Germany on Jordanian context in terms of public transportation, using the participation approach and rational approach by making the solution rationally and modified as per residents needs and opinios.

1. SustainableTransportationandMobilityin
JordanandGermany
Yazid Hamodah
German Jordanian University
Department of Architecture and Interior Architecture
School of Architecture and Built Environment
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2. TransportationinGermany
Learnt Lessons
• Transforming the industrial routes, roads, and structures into usable and attractive places to walk and work in.
• The road network can serve all its users by providing ramps at crossroads, sound effects that help pedestrians to
cross the road safely, and tactile along the roads.
• An integrated service competing with private cars and transport in terms of comfort and consistency of schedule.
• The integration with other bus providers to do a complete service for the inhabitants.
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Fig.1: The adaptive reuse of industrial roads Fig.2: The existence of tactile in crossroads and special
lanes for cycling
Fig.3: The division of the zones and the connection
between them
Fig.4 : Foldable ramp connects between
the bus stop and bus (Manual process)

3. TransportationinJordan
Main challenges
• Low frequencies and inadequate coverage for public transportation services.
• Lack of service and fare integration results in long commute times and expensive transportation expenses.
• Lack of chances and services that are accessible to everyone.
• No secure streets and infringement from other vehicles and electricity poles on the sidewalk.
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Fig.5: Al-Zuhoor street. Source: By Researcher. Fig.6: Al-Nuzha street. Source: By Researcher.

4. DevelopthetransportationsystembasedonLearntlessons
The limitations and approach to reach the solution
• The limitations to applying the solutions:
• Fragment ownership of bus lines (individual ownership)
• Short street width (fixed dimensions).
• Infrastructure lines built over the sidewalk (inflexibility)
• The approach to solve the current problem
• Contact residents to know the problems faced and expected solutions.
• Achieve mutual benefits between all community groups to achieve mutual benefits.
• Improve the quality of transportation with minimal costs and changes.
• Consider the positive practices to develop the transportation system.
• The people and bus drivers are looking toward:
• Frequent bus departures from the bus station, which saves the costs on drivers, and stability for users of the buses.
• The acceptance to develop bus types with bigger sizes but increase the street dimension to handle the bus movement.
• Community-friendly solutions to prevent cars from parking on side-walk.
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5. AchieveSDG11
11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
• This project aim to achieve the SDG 11 by Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and
sustainable.
• Focus on 11.2:
• By 2030, provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety,
notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children,
persons with disabilities and older persons.
• 11.2.1 By increase the Proportion of population that has convenient access to public transport, by sex, age and persons with
disabilities.
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Fig.7: SDG 11 Logo

6. Al-Nuzha-Shoumarbusroute
Total Trip Distance 15 KM (7.5 x 2)
Main Problems • Infringement of car parking space over the sidewalks.
• Congestion on main roads increases the consumed fuel to complete the
bus trip.
• No formal bus stops led to creating a non-frequent schedule, which
affect the timing and consumed fuel for the trip
• The current busses are not able to serve all needs in terms of universal
design.
• The lack of green elements and protection for pedestrians from the cars
Problem solving Methodology The methodology of problem solving based on open ended question
interviews to know the main challenges that face the bus drivers,
passengers and pedestrians who use the public transport and who goes on
foot
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7. CurrentBusstopsbasedonthefrequentstopsofthebussesontheroad
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Bus Start
Point
Bus Stop
(Current)
Bus trip
(Going)
Bus trip
(Return)
Key-map
Al-Zuhoor St.
Baghdad St.
Al Nuzha St.
Fig 8: Current bus stops and routes. Source: GIS Department of Zarqa, edited by Researcher.
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8. Zoningoftheplacesonthebusroute
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Education
Zone
Key-map
Commercial
Zone
Residential
Zone
Governmental
Zone
Bus trip
(Going)
Bus trip
(Return)
Zarqa
Downtown
Zarqa Departments
complex
Zarqa Juvenile court
Three local schools
High population
Density Area
High population
Density Area Zarqa
River
Fig 9: Attraction points in the bus route. Source: GIS Department of Zarqa, edited by Researcher.
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9. Al-Nuzha-Shoumarbusroute
Streets Problem Solution
Baghdad St. Road traffic cause busses to
consume more fuel and time delay
Remove the parking lane on one side
and remove the barrier between the
right and left sides of the street.
Create Independent bus lanes and
pick-up points downtown.
Al-Zuhoor St. and Al Nuzha St. The existence of six schools, which
need safe road crossing points and
wider sidewalks for students.
The electricity poles taking space
from the side-walks
Remove the parking lane on one
side.
Make the side-walk wider and put a
barrier (Planters) to prevent vehicles
from parking on side-walk
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10. RedesigntheStreets
Baghdad St.
Before After
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Fig 10: Redesign the streets to create a place for bus lanes.

11. RedesigntheStreets
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• Baghdad St.
Fig 11: Redesign the streets to create a place for bus lanes.

12. RedesigntheStreets
Al-Zuhoor St. and Al Nuzha St.
Before After
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Fig 12: Redesign the streets to create a safer environment for pedestrians, especially school students.

13. RedesigntheStreets
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Al-Zuhoor St. and Al Nuzha St.
Fig 18: Redesign the streets to create a safer environment for pedestrians, especially school students.

14. Roadcrossingpoints
Crossroads
T Shaped Cross roads Square Shaped cross roads
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Fig 13: Redesign the crossroads to create a safer environment for pedestrians, especially school students.

15. Roadcrossingpoints
Crossroads
T Shaped Cross roads Square Shaped cross roads
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Fig 14: Redesign the crossroads to create a safer environment for pedestrians, especially school students.

16. RecomendadBusstopsbasedonthefrequentstopsofthebussesontheroad
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Bus Start
Point
Bus Stop
(Recomendad)
Bus trip
(Going)
Bus trip
(Return)
Key-map Fig 15: Proposed Bus stops and lines. Source: GIS Department of Zarqa, edited by Researcher.
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17. Conclusion
• To make a sustainable transportation system in Zarqa governorate:
• Aim to achieve SDG 11 goal to Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable.
• Include people’s participation in shaping the transportation system in the city.
• Promote the positive acts that are done by people and aim to legalize them and include them in the system:
• Bus schedule to make all bus routes stable and have frequent trips.
• Bus stops make bus trips more frequent and save fuel consumption.
• Add a map on the official website to illustrate the bus routes and stop points.
• Redesign the transportation system, which promotes sustainable transportation and connection between neighborhoods.
• Increase the width of sidewalks.
• Increase the vegetation cover and use it as a barrier from vehicle infringements, promote the aesthetic value of the street, and reduce the
city’s heat island effect.
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18. ThankYou
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