1. Confidential & Proprietary 1
SustainX is an energy storage technology developer which aims to market, sell
and manufacture a proprietary Energy Storage System (“ESS”), utilizing an
innovative form of compressed-air energy storage that is eco-friendly, cost
effective, low maintenance and highly efficient.
2. Confidential & Proprietary 2
The team has formed strategic relationships with complementary world
class corporations
Storage
Hydraulic
Cylinders
Integration
External Validation
Energy Markets
Hydraulic Motor
Control System
Heat Transfer
3. Confidential & Proprietary 3
The SustainX solution has the potential to add value not only for
producers, but also consumers
SustainX
ESS
Transmission Congestion
SustainX
Transmission and Distribution
Asset Deferral
Energy Management
SustainX
Renewables Support
4. Confidential & Proprietary 4
Near-isothermal expansion along with the SustainX staged
hydraulic conversion technology allows for high round-trip system
efficiency
High pressure
air storage Electric
Generator
V
Thermal
efficiency
90-99.5%
Hydraulic
motor
90-95%
Electric
generator
90-95%
Other
mechanical
efficiency
97-99.5%
Expansion Cycle Efficiency - 71%-89%
Electric
motor
90-95%
Other
mechanical
efficiency
97-99.5%
V
Electric
Motor
Thermal
efficiency
90-99.5%
Hydraulic
pump
90-95%
Compression Cycle Efficiency - 71%-89%
Round Trip Efficiency - 50%-80%
5. Confidential & Proprietary 5
Staged hydraulic conversion improves hydraulic motor, and
ultimately system, efficiency
Hydraulic motor
Hydraulic accumulator
10:1 Intensifier
1a Gas expands in
accumulator from
3000 psig pressure
to 300 psig atm
1b This forces hydraulic
fluid through the
motor at pressures:
3000 psig to 300 psig
2 Gas moves
into
intensifier
3a Gas expands in intensifier
from 300 psig pressure to
30 psig
3b This forces hydraulic
fluid through the
motor at pressures:
3000 psig to 300 psig
Hydraulic fluid is
always between 3000
psig and 300 psig
PARTIAL
SCHEMATIC
SustainX Provisional: SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ENERGY STORAGE USING COMPRESSED GAS
6. Confidential & Proprietary 6
Independently scalable PARTIAL
SCHEMATIC
High pressure
air storage
ENERGY STORAGE
Determines storage
capacity (kWh)
ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM
Determines power output (kW)
Hydraulic accumulator
10:1 Intensifier
Hydraulic motor
The SustainX solution will be cost effective, scalable, and have a
low maintenance schedule
7. Confidential & Proprietary 7
The heat-transfer sub-circuit expedites heat transfer, allowing for
greater thermal efficiency and power output.
1 Gas expands in
accumulator or
intensifier
2
Circulator draws high
pressure gas from the
accumulator
3
Gas is driven through the
heat exchanger,
maintaining the air at
ambient temperature
High pressure air returns to
the accumulator at ambient
temperature
4
SustainX Provisional: SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR RAPID ISOTHERMAL GAS EXPANSION AND COMPRESSION FOR ENERGY STORAGE
8. Confidential & Proprietary 8
The ESS-0.1 prototype demonstrated that the SustainX technology
can achieve near-isothermal expansion
Pressure
Vessels
Accumulator
Heat Exchangers
Booster
H-Pak
Pressure
Vessels
Accumulator
Heat Exchangers
Booster
H-Pak
October 2008
9. Confidential & Proprietary 9
Experimental results indicate that high thermal efficiencies can be
achieved with adequate gas circulation and heat exchange
10. Confidential & Proprietary 10
Air
Vent
Air
Vent
Hydraulic
Motor/pump
A1 A2
I1 I2
High
pressure
air storage
ESS 1.0 demonstrates full cycle staged-hydraulic conversion and
investigates conversion efficiencies
January 2009
12. Confidential & Proprietary 12
Collaborators will also provide external validation of the technology
ESS-50
50 kW Power Conversion Module
~300 kWh of Storage
External Validation
Beta Testing
13. Confidential & Proprietary 13
Gen. Comp.
SustainX’s scalable technology will achieve the longest lifetime
and lowest cost of available alternatives.
Environmental Risk Very Low
Lifetime (Cycles) 15,000+
Efficiency 70%-80%
250 kW - 1 MWh
SustainX
(Compressed Air)
14. Confidential & Proprietary 14
SustainX will develop its ESS-50 module through 2009 and deploy the
first Beta unit for external validation in 2010
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
2008 2009 2010 2011
ESS-0.1
Circulator R&D
ESS-1.0
ESS-50 Validation & Beta
ESS 0.1 - Heat Transfer
Alpha Prototype
Series A
Series B
Investigate Core Enhancements
Drivetrain R&D
ESS-50 D&M
ESS-250 D&M
ESS-250 Beta