4. The Belt and Road Initiative
A centerpiece of the Chinese leader Xi Jinping's foreign policy
"Major Country Diplomacy" strategy
As of January 2023, 151 countries were listed as having signed up to the The Belt and Road Initiative.
5. 1
2 Road
Belt
The
Belt
and
Road
Initiative
“Silk Road Economic Belt”, refered to the proposed overland routes for road and rail
transportation through landlocked Central Asia along the famed historical trade routes of
the Western Regions.
“21st Century Maritime Silk Road”, referring to the Indo-Pacific sea routes through Southeast
Asia to South Asia, the Middle East and Africa.
一
带
一
路
7. H
i
s
t
o
r
i
c
a
l
o
r
i
g
i
n
s
• Silk Road
• The westward expansion of China’s Han Dynasty
• Originating at Xi'an followed the Great Wall to the northwest, bypassed the Takla
Makan Desert, climbed the Pamirs mountains, crossed Afghanistan, and went on to
the Levant; from there the merchandise was shipped across the Mediterranean Sea.
• Roman, Byzantine Empires, and the Tang Dynasty in China.
8. H
i
s
t
o
r
i
c
a
l
o
r
i
g
i
n
s
• Maritime Silk Road
• Late Tang and Song dynasties
• A new sea lanes to Southeast Asia, Malacca, the Indian Ocean, the Red Sea and the
continent of Africa
• Goods: silk, porcelain, tea to the rest of the world,
• Creating a continuous popularity of eastern civilization
10. Principles
Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence
• Seeks mutual benefit
• Follows market operation
• Harmonious and inclusive
• Open for cooperation
13. Financing
AIIB & Silk Road Fund
The AIIB, which was first proposed in October 2013, is a
development bank focused on lending for infrastructure
projects. As of 2015, China had announced over one
trillion yuan in infrastructure-related projects in the
planning or construction phase. By October 2021, the AIIB
had expanded to include 104 full members. Thi
14. logo
C h i n a - P a k i s t a n
Economic Corridor
The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a
collection of infrastructure projects that are
currently under construction throughout Pakistan.
The corridor is part of China's Belt and Road
Initiative and is intended to connect China's
western region of Xinjiang to the Pakistani port of
Gwadar on the Arabian Sea.
C h i n a - E u r o p e
Railway Express
The China-Europe Railway Express (CER) is a
network of railway routes that connects China to
Europe, primarily through the countries of Central
Asia. The CER has reduced the time it takes to
transport goods between China and Europe,
making it a more cost-effective and efficient option
compared to air or sea transportation. The CER
has also helped to promote trade and economic
cooperation between China and Europe.
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