Uses of computers and applications1.pptx

USES OF COMPUTERS AND APPLICATIONS
What is multimedia?
• Multimedia is a form of communication that uses a combination of
different content forms, such as text, audio, images, animations,
or video, into a single interactive presentation.
• It is a type of medium that allows information to be easily
transferred from one location to another.
• Popular uses of multimedia are in Education, Entertainment,
Business, Technology and Science, Fine Arts, Engineering, etc.

Categories of Multimedia>Linear Multimedia
• In the case of linear multimedia, the end-user cannot control the
content of the application. It has no interactivity of any kind.
• Some multimedia projects like movies in which material is thrown
in a linear fashion from beginning to end.
• A linear multimedia application lacks all the features with the help
of which, a user can interact with the application such as the
ability to choose different options, click on icons, control the flow
of the media, or change the pace at which the media is displayed.
• Linear multimedia works very well for providing information to a
large group of people such as at training sessions, seminars,
workplace meetings, etc.
• It is also called Non-interactive multimedia.

Categories of Multimedia>Non-Linear Multimedia
• In Non-Linear multimedia, the end-user is allowed the
navigational control to rove through multimedia content at his
own desire.
• The user can control the access of the application. Non-linear
offers user interactivity to control the movement of data.
• E.g. computer games, websites, self-paced computer-based
training packages, etc.
• It is also called Interactive Media.

Components of Multimedia>Text
Multimedia consists of 5 components:
• Characters are used to form words, phrases, and paragraphs in
the text. Text appears in all multimedia creations of some kind.
• The text can be in a variety of fonts and sizes to match the
multimedia software’s professional presentation.
• Text in multimedia systems can communicate specific information
or serve as a supplement to the information provided by the other
media.
• Popular formats- .txt

Components of Multimedia>Graphics
• Non-text information, such as a sketch, chart, or photograph, is
represented digitally. Graphics add to the appeal of the
multimedia application.
• In many circumstances, people dislike reading big amounts of
material on computers.
• As a result, pictures are more frequently used than words to clarify
concepts, offer background information, and so on.
• Graphics are at the heart of any multimedia presentation. The use
of visuals in multimedia enhances the effectiveness and
presentation of the concept.
• Windows Picture, Internet Explorer, and other similar programs are
often used to see visuals. Adobe Photoshop is a popular graphics
editing program that allows you to effortlessly change graphics
and make them more effective and appealing.

Components of Multimedia>Animations
• A sequence of still photographs is being flipped through. It’s a set
of visuals that give the impression of movement.
• Animation is the process of making a still image appear to move.
A presentation can also be made lighter and more appealing by
using animation.
• The following are some of the most regularly used animation
viewing programs: Fax Viewer, Web browsers, etc.
• Popular formats- .gif

Components of Multimedia>Video
• Photographic images that appear to be in full motion and are
played back at speeds of 15 to 30 frames per second.
• The term video refers to a moving image that is accompanied by
sound, such as a television picture.
• Text can be included in videos, either as captioning for spoken
words or as text embedded in an image, as in a slide presentation.
• The following programs are widely used to view videos: Real
Player, Window Media Player, etc.
• Popular formats- .mp4, .3gp, .mkv, .avi

Components of Multimedia>Audio
• Any sound, whether it’s music, conversation, or something else.
Sound is the most serious aspect of multimedia, delivering the joy
of music, special effects, and other forms of entertainment.
• Decibels are a unit of measurement for volume and sound
pressure level. Audio files are used as part of the application
context as well as to enhance interaction.
• MP3, WMA, Wave, MIDI, and RealAudio are examples of audio
formats. The following programs are widely used to view videos:
Real Player, Window Media Player, etc.

Uses of computer>Teaching
• Audio-Visual Teaching: Computers enhance teacher-student
interaction by allowing educators to demonstrate practical aspects
of theories using various tools. Students can grasp difficult topics
more easily through engaging visual aids.
• Distance Learning: Computers have revolutionized education
beyond traditional classrooms. Online learning allows students to
study from anywhere, interact with teachers remotely, and adjust
their schedules as needed.
• Managing Data: Computers serve as efficient tools for managing
school records, enrollment, courses, exams, results, finances, and
library information.
• Improvise teaching methods: Computers can help teachers give
personalised tasks to students, focus on weak areas based on the

Uses of computer>Testing
• Computer-Based Tests (CBTs): Computers facilitate online exams, quizzes,
and assessments. Students can take tests remotely, and educators can grade
them efficiently.
• Automated Grading: Computers automatically grade multiple-choice
questions, short answers, and essays, thus providing immediate feedback.
• Adaptive Testing: Computers adapt test questions based on a student’s
previous answers. If a student answers correctly, the next question becomes
more challenging, ensuring personalized assessment.
• Anti-Cheating Measures: Computers allow secure test delivery, preventing
cheating through features like randomized questions, lockdown browsers, and
biometric authentication.
• Data Analysis: Computers analyze test results, identifying areas where
students need additional support. Educators can tailor teaching accordingly.
• Efficient Test Creation: Computers store a vast array of test questions
(question bank), making it easier for educators to create diverse and well-
structured assessments.

Internet> History and definition
• The Internet came in the year 1960 with the creation of the first
working model called ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency).
ARPANET used packet switching to communicate multiple computer
systems under a single network. First data transfer- 1969
• What is the Internet> Internet is a global network that connects
billions of computers across the world with each other and to the
World Wide Web.
• It uses standard internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to connect billions of
computer users worldwide. It is set up by using cables such as optical
fibers and other wireless and networking technologies.
• Internet is called a network as it creates a network by connecting
computers and servers across the world using routers, switches and
telephone lines, and other communication devices and channels.
• Popular web browses for accessing internet- Google Chrome, Mozilla
Firefox, Safari, Microsoft Edge.

Internet> Uses
• Online Businesses (E-commerce): Online shopping websites have made our life easier, e-
commerce sites like Amazon, Flipkart, and Myntra are providing very spectacular
services with just one click and this is a great use of the Internet.
• Cashless Transactions: All the merchandising companies are offering services to their
customers to pay the bills of the products online via various digital payment apps like
Paytm, Google Pay, etc. UPI payment gateway is also increasing day by day. Digital
payment industries are growing at a rate of 50% every year too because of the INTERNET.
• Education: It is the internet facility that provides a whole bunch of educational material
to everyone through any server across the web. Those who are unable to attend physical
classes can choose any course from the internet and can have point-to-point knowledge
of it just by sitting at home. High-class faculties are teaching online on digital platforms
and providing quality education to students with the help of the Internet.
• Social Networking: The purpose of social networking sites and apps is to connect people
all over the world. With the help of social networking sites, we can talk, and share
videos, and images with our loved ones when they are far away from us. Also, we can
create groups for discussion or for meetings.
• Entertainment: The Internet is also used for entertainment. There are numerous
entertainment options available on the internet like watching movies, playing games,
listening to music, etc. You can also download movies, games, songs, TV Serial, etc.,

Email>Definition and History
• Ray Tomlinson invented email as we know it in 1971 when he was working for a
company that worked in defense technology research. He was working on a File
Transfer Protocol (FTP) program under ARPANET.
• Electronic mail, or “email,” is a communication method that uses electronic devices
to deliver messages across computer networks. "Email" refers to both the delivery
system and individual messages that are sent and received.
• abcd@xyz.com is the standard format of an email address e.g.
employee@example.com

Email>Uses
• Communication: Email is important for communication because it allows users to send
information in letter format, and email can replace traditional mail options. Emails can be
more beneficial for communication because they can often include text, documents and
multimedia, like photos and videos. For example, you may use email to contact a rental
company to inquire about a lease or send an email to a potential employer to submit a
job application
• Promotion: Companies can use email to market their products to their customers and
remind them to make a purchase. Many companies use email marketing to make contact
with their customers and encourage them to take advantage of promotions and sales. For
example, if a customer puts something in their online shopping cart but doesn't check
out, the company can email reminding them to complete their purchase.
• Business use: Organizations and businesses can use email to communicate about
projects and tasks within the organization with decent security. This can be an effective
and safe way for team members to communicate, especially when some members of the
team are remote or not in the office. For example, a marketing specialist may email a
presentation to their supervisor, or an accounting expert may email the sales department
to ask for budgeting information.
• Security: Platforms and services can use email to ensure the correct user has access to
their profile. Email is a way to contact you and ensure you have access to important
communication regarding your online profiles. For example, a website may send a code
to your email when you try to log in and require that you input the code before getting

Statistical Packages>Definition
• The term ‘software’ refers to the set of electronic program instructions or data a
computer processor reads in order to perform a task or operation.
• Statistical packages are software that collect, organize, interpret, and present
numerical information.
• Statistical packages are specialized programs designed to perform complex
statistical analysis.
Benefits of statistical packages:
• Increases efficiency of the work
• More accuracy in data analysis and management
• Less time consuming
• Easy customization
• Grants access to large database
• Reduces sampling error

Statistical Packages>Applications
• In public health programs (Communication, Administrative works, Recording and
reporting, Maintaining quality of programs, Increasing the effectiveness and
efficiency of programs)
• In public health research (Data collection, Analysis, Report writing, Communication)
• Operation of information systems e.g. Health Management Information System,
Logistic Management Information System, GIS etc.
• In health economics and health care centers.
• Libraries, academics and many more.

Applications of computer
• Science
Today computer is the primary work tool in the field of science. It is the best-suited
machine for collecting, analyzing, classifying, and storing data. It becomes the most
essential medium to spread knowledge internally and internationally. It allows
scientists from different locations to work together and share ideas on the same
project.
• Defence System
A computer performs a vital to control defense system. Computers are used to track
airplanes, missiles, tanks, and different kinds of weapons. Once the radar system
tracks a missile and artificial intelligence is programmed to target a missile and
destroy it before it comes on the surface. It also used for GPS tracking, controlling
defense vehicles, records of all members of the military.
• Medical
The computer plays a very important role in medical science such as record patients’
information monitoring heart rate, oxygen level, and blood pressure. To conduct
various surgeries junior doctors get the help of another professional doctor by web
conferencing. Research is also spread with the help of computers in the health sector.

Applications of computer
• Education
Today learning becomes easy because of computers. Anyone employed or student can learn
any stage of life with the help of a computer. Computers are very crucial for online classes,
download study material on the internet. Computers are also used to track student
attendance and learning strategies. Coaching and institutes increased their areas by audio-
visual aids using computers.
• Banking
A computer performs a crucial role in banking sectors, by storing several account holder
details on a bank server. All transactions such as deposits and withdrawals perform by a
computer. A banking company can easily monitor all ATMs and passbook printing machines.
• Government Sectors
Government can easily monitor government sectors such as road services, railway,
development, and other rising funds. The information of every citizen is stored on the server
through the computer.
• Entertainment
Today most people are so busy and they do not easily get time to fresh their mind. We can
play various interesting video games using a computer. We can watch movies, TV shows,
and reality shows on the computer. A computer is also used to create sarcastic memes and
make us happy.

Applications of computer in nursing
1) Tracking Health Progress of Patients:
• Computers are used to monitor patients’ health by collecting data from various
instruments (such as heart rate monitors, blood pressure cuffs, and oxygen level
sensors).
• Real-time data from these instruments is stored in a database, allowing doctors
and nurses to track patients’ progress over time.
• Based on this data, healthcare professionals can make informed decisions about
patient care and medication.
2) Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs):
• PDAs are handheld computing devices customized for nursing and medicine.
• They provide information related to medications, procedures, and calculations (e.g.,
IV rates, doses, and weights).
• Nurses can use PDAs to access essential medical information quickly and efficiently.

3) Communication with Different Departments:
• Computers facilitate communication between nursing staff, doctors, and other
healthcare departments.
• Electronic systems allow seamless sharing of patient information, test results, and
treatment plans across different teams.
4) Assisting in Complicated Surgical Procedures:
• Computer-assisted surgical tools enhance precision during complex procedures.
• These tools aid surgeons by providing real-time imaging, navigation, and guidance,
improving patient outcomes.

5) Inventory Management in Health Clinics:
• Computers help manage inventory in healthcare facilities.
• Tracking medical supplies, medications, and equipment becomes more efficient,
ensuring timely restocking and availability.
6) Providing Offsite Care:
• Telemedicine and remote patient monitoring rely on computer technology.
• Nurses can remotely monitor patients’ health, provide consultations, and offer
guidance without physical presence.

7) Information dissemination through websites:
• Healthcare institutions use websites to share information with patients, families,
and the community.
• Websites provide educational resources, appointment scheduling, and health-
related content.
8) Billing and receipt management:
• Computers handle billing, invoicing, and financial transactions in healthcare
settings.
• Accurate record-keeping ensures smooth financial operations.
9) Data analysis of medicines:
• Computers analyze data related to medications, drug interactions, and adverse
effects.
• Evidence-based decisions are made by healthcare professionals based on this

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