5. DIFFINATION
OF THE JOINTS BETWEEN THE CENTER OFOSTEOARTHRITISIS A TERM REFERRING TO DEGENERATIVE
FORAMINANEURALAND/ORSPINAL VERTEBRAETHE
6.
7. •DEVELOPS AS A RESULT OF THE WEAR AND TEAR OF THE CARTILAGE AND BONES
•WORK-RELATEDACTIVITIES THAT PUT EXTRA STRAIN ON YOUR NECK FROM HEAVY LIFTING
•SMALL FRACTURES TO THE SPINE FROM OSTEOPOROSIS
13. FINDINGS AT PHYSICAL EXAMINATION MAY INCLUDE :
•SPURLING SIGN:
•RADICULAR PAIN IS EXACERBATED BY EXTENSION AND LATERAL BENDING OF THE NECK TOWARD THE SIDE OF
THE LESION, CAUSING ADDITIONAL FORAMINAL COMPROMISE.
14. HOFFMAN SIGN:
REFLEX CONTRACTION OF THE THUMB AND INDEX FINGER OCCURS IN RESPONSE TO NIPPING OF THE MIDDLE FINGER.
THIS SIGN IS EVIDENCE OF AN UPPER MOTOR NEURON LESION. A HOFFMAN SIGN MAY BE INSIGNIFICANT IF PRESENT
BILATERALLY.
16. •INCREASED REFLEXES
IN THE LOWER EXTREMITIES AND IN THE UPPER EXTREMITIES BELOW THE LEVEL OF THE LESION
•ABNORMAL GAIT
CHARACTERISTICALLY BROAD-BASED, STOOPED, AND SPASTIC
•EXTENSOR PLANTER REFLEX
IN SEVERE MYELOPATHY
17. •DECREASED ROM:
•IN THE CERVICAL SPINE, ESPECIALLY WITH NECK EXTENSION
•DISTAL WEAKNESS
•HAND CLUMSINESS
•LOSS OF SENSATION
18.
19. IMMOBILIZATION
•IMMOBILIZATION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE IS THE MAINSTAY OF CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT FOR
PATIENTS WITH CERVICAL SPONDYLOSIS. IMMOBILIZATION LIMITS THE MOTION OF THE NECK, THEREBY
REDUCING NERVE IRRITATION. SOFT CERVICAL COLLARS ARE RECOMMENDED FOR DAYTIME USE ONLY,
BUT THEY ARE UNABLE TO APPRECIABLY LIMIT THE MOTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE (LIKE BRACE AND
NECK PILLOW )
20. EXERCISE
• THE USE OF CERVICAL EXERCISES HAS BEEN ADVOCATED IN PATIENTS:
• ISOMETRIC EXERCISES ARE OFTEN BENEFICIAL TO MAINTAIN THE STRENGTH OF THE NECK MUSCLES.
• STRETCHING EXERCISES FOR THE NECK AND UPPER BACK MUSCLE .
• LIGHT AEROBIC ACTIVITIES
22. •GENERALLY INVOLVE THE APPLICATION OF HEAT TO THE TISSUES
IN THE CERVICAL REGION, EITHER BY MEANS OF
SUPERFICIAL DEVICES (EG, MOIST-HEAT PACKS)
OR MECHANISMS FOR DEEP-HEAT TRANSFER (EG, ULTRASOUND, DIATHERMY).
25. •PERSONAL DATA :
• NAME : ABDULLAH MOHAMMED
• AGE: 45
• SEX: M
• DIAGNOSIS : SPONDYLOSIS
• REFERRAL DEPT: ORTHOPEDIC
26. •HISTORY
GRADUAL PAIN SINS 6 MONTH AGO AND RADIATE TO THE NECK AND ARM , INCREASE SEVERITY OF PAIN
WHILE HE DRIVE FOR LONG TIME AND IN THE MORNING ,SMOKER , HYPERTENSIVE .
CHIEF COMPLAINT:
DIFFICULTY IN ROTATE HIS HEAD