Complex system behavior intertwines operational routines and technological system processes, and system capability development has to integrate human skills with engineered system functions. To be successful in modern system design, integration and fielding, systems and software engineers need to acquire non-technological "soft skills" needed to successfully apply their technological knowledge. These skills are generally overlooked in engineering curricula, and they usually develop with work experience. For a long time, instructional design borrowed systems design models, and ADDIE curriculum development model reminds the INCOSE fellows' SIMILAR model of systems development. While both instruction and systems development models promise development of useful capabilities, their real world implementations usually suffer from integration and fielding problems, especially in "brown field" settings of system modifications and continuing education of experienced professionals. The four-stage Personal Capability Development Framework (PCDF) exploits conceptual similarities of Ring's Systems Value Cycle Model, Checkland's Soft Systems Methodology, Nonaka's SECI knowledge development model and Kolb's Experiential Learning Theory to design a process model for teaching non-technological skills to experienced engineers. The framework constructs classroom experience around externalization and modelling of learners' current work routines, modification of the models with new skills and tools and internalization of the modified models in each learner's personal work routines, and provides a basis for transforming expert- or customer-centered instructional design into user-centered personal capability integration.

1. 1

2. 2
• Humiliation
• Epiphany
• Climb on the giants’ shoulders
• Beginning of a journey

3. 3

4. 4
CapabilityDoctrine&
Concepts
Information
Organization
Training
Equipment
Materiel
Systems
Logistics
Supplies
Personnel
Infrastructure
Facilities
Product
Process
People

5. 5
Capability Integration Journey
Technology
Integration and Test
Capability
Application
Development
Capability
Integration and
Maintenance

6. 6
Element 1
Element 2
Element 3
1+2
Product
Integration
&
Testing
Integration
&
Testing

7. 7

8. 8
Developers
Users
Maintenance
Systems
Engineers
Testers
Systems
Integrators
Trainers
Testing
Testing
Testing
Testing
Testing
Project
Managers
Leading
Testing

9. 9
Variety of Approaches to Test Design
Instructor
Model-based
Test Design
Trainee 1
Collaborative
Test Design
Trainee 2
Individual
Learning
Test Design
Available Information Sources
Test Documents
?
I Do It My Way…

10. 10

11. 11

12. 12
Trainee prior knowledge Technologies
Training Designed System
Initiation / Deployment
Workplace evolution

13. 13
Training Event
Change deployment
Workplace evolution
Workplace evolution

14. 14
Job Well Done
Capability
Personal RoutinesTechnological Processes
System Functions Personal Competencies
Deployment Training
System Design Instruction Design
Collective Routines
Local
&
Specific
Common
&
General

15. 15
Self-directed human being
Developing Existing Roles
Immediacy of Application
Internal Motivation
Dependent personality
No Experience Rich Experience
Getting Ready to Fulfill Roles
Postponed Application
External Motivation
Students ExpertsPersonal Professional Profile

16. 16
Course Design
Technology Expert Knowledge
Product Design
Marketing / Launch
Success/Failure
Teaching
Formative Evaluation
X

17. 17
Analyze
Design
Develop
Implement
Evaluate
State the Problem
Investigate
Alternatives
Model the System
Integrate
Re-evaluate
Launch the System
Assess Performance
ADDIE
Instructional Design Model
SIMILAR
Systems Engineering Model
Customer’s Approval
Customer’s Requirements

18. 18

19. 19

20. Jack Ring

21. 21
Peter Checkland

22. 22
Ikujiro
Nonaka

23. 23
David Kolb

24. 24

25. 25
Socialization Externalization
CombinationInternalization
Realize
Benefits
Capability
Definition
Capability
Design
Integrate
Capability
Problem
Situation
Problem
Modelling
Action
Modelling
Action
Feel
and Do
Feel
and
Watch
Think
and Do
Think
and
Watch

26. 26
Personal
work
routine
Model
existing
personal
work routines
Model
improved
personal
work routines
Exercise
improved
personal
work routines
External
Patterns
Value
Personal Capability Development Framework
Reflection
Externalization
Diversity Awareness
Need to change
Learning by doing
Personal habits
Collective culture
Internalization
Capability building
Conscious application
Act to change
Analytical thinking
Abstract models
Explicit knowledge
Plan to change

27. 27
1. Expose trainees’ personal work routines
2. Discuss strengths and weaknesses
3. Model existing routines
4. Show how to integrate new work patterns
5. Exercise - Ask trainees to integrate new practices
into their personal work routines
6. Discuss the experience

28. 28
• Customer-centered instructional product 
User-centered personal capability integration
• Ring + Checkland + Nonaka + Kolb 
Personal Capability Development Framework
• Exploit advances in Systems Engineering
to promote more relevant teaching

29. 29