A talk given at Amsterdam Speechwriters & Business Communicators Conference in October 2014.

1. This slide was
intentionally
left blank

2. Slides:
the love
(and hate)
of my life
— Alexei Kapterev —

3. ISLIDES

4. – Jessica Hische
FOR THE REST OF YOUR LIFE
THE WORK YOU DO
W H I L E Y O U
YO U S H O U L D B E D O I N G
IS PROBABLY THE WORK
P rocrastinate

8. HATE LOVE

9. Do we
slides?
NEED

10.
TIMES
SOME

11. S L I D E S C R E A T E A M U C H
ATMOSPHERE
(compared to reading, that is)
Less formal

12. WHAT TO SAY
REMIND YOU
Slides

13. WHAT TO SAY
REMIND YOU
Slides
CONSTRAINT
WITHOUT TOO MUCH

14. BUT

15. OUT OF PLACE
COULD BE
Slides

18.
TIMES
SOME
Slides are great

22. G R E A T
Slides
FOR THAT
ARE

23. TECHNOLOGY
ARE
Slides

24. Technology is
neither good
nor bad; nor
is it neutral.
— Melvin Kranzberg

25. ENHANCE
C A N
your presentation
Slides

26. OR

27. They could
RUIN IT
T O T A L L Y

28. DIFFERENCE?
What makes a

29. WHAT’S THE
BIG PROBLEM
WITH SLIDES?

31. PowerPoint® Presentation
Flaws and Failures:
A Psychological Analysis (2012)
Stephen M. Kosslyn,
Rogier A. Kievit,
Alexandra G. Russell,
and Jennifer M. Shephard

32. Not enough information was provided to
support the main point
Went through the presentation too slowly
Read word-for-word from notes or from the
slides themselves
Slides contained too much material to absorb
before the next slide was presented
The main point was obscured by lots of
irrelevant detail
5.
4.
3.
2.
1.
THE TOP 5 PROBLEMS

33. WHAT’S THE
BIG PROBLEM
WITH SLIDES?

34. TOO MUCH TEXT!
It’s

36. ?SOLUTION
The

37. SIMPLE SLIDES!

38. SIMPLE SLIDES
are not the solution

39. YOU DON’T KNOW
WHAT TO SAY!
P roblem No1:

40. 4
TEDsters
rehearse
times

44. NOT ENOUGH TEXT
Not a problem for the audience

45. HUGEP roblem for the speaker
NOT ENOUGH TEXT
Not a problem for the audience
*

46. THE STEVE JOBS WAY?

48. The most striking thing about the 17-inch PowerBook, after the
screen itself, is how brilliantly Apple managed to shrink the size of
the machine built around that big display.
—Walt Mossberg, theWall Street Journal
Sure, the PowerBook is an unusually wide 15.4 inches, but it is only
one inch thick.Yet, it feels solid as a rock. It is just 10.2 inches deep
and weighs only 6.8 pounds.
To get an idea of how sleek those dimensions are, compare the new
PowerBook with another brand-new laptop, Dell’s Latitude D800.
This model also boasts a widescreen display, measuring 15.4 inches
diagonally. But, even though the Dell has a significantly smaller
screen, it looks like a whale next to the 17-inch PowerBook.

49. P roblem No2:
CREDIBILITY

52. CREDIBILITYwith a sophisticated audience
More complex slides add

53. As soon as they
can read children
trust written text
more than spoken
information.
Corriveau et al. “To the letter: Early readers trust
print–based over oral instructions to guide their actions”
British Journal of Developmental Psychology (2014)

54. SIMPLE SLIDES
are not the solution

55. is not the problem
TOO MUCH TEXT

56. THE TOP 5 PROBLEMS
5.
4.
3.
2.
1.
Not enough information was provided to
support the main point
Went through the presentation too slowly
Read word-for-word from notes or from the
slides themselves
Slides contained too much material to absorb
before the next slide was presented
The main point was obscured by lots of
irrelevant detail

57. TOO
MUCH
NOT
ENOUGH
Superficial Too nerdy
THE OPTIMAL BALANCE

58. GREAT SPANS OF HISTORY THAT WERE OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH TOPICS OF LOGIC, GEOMETRY, MATHEMATICS,
DEDUCTION, INDUCTION, AND NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. SOCRATES', PLATO'S AND ARISTOTLE'S IDEAS ABOUT TRUTH
SEEN BY SOME AS CONSISTENT WITH CORRESPONDENCE THEORY. IN HIS METAPHYSICS, ARISTOTLE STATED: "TO
OF WHAT IS THAT IT IS NOT, OR OF WHAT IS NOT THAT IT IS, IS FALSE, WHILE TO SAY OF WHAT IS THAT IT IS, AND
WHAT IS NOT THAT IT IS NOT, IS TRUE".[54] THE STANFORD ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PHILOSOPHY PROCEEDS TO SAY O
ARISTOTLE:"(...) ARISTOTLE SOUNDS MUCH MORE LIKE A GENUINE CORRESPONDENCE THEORIST IN THE CATEGOR
(12B11, 14B14), WHERE HE TALKS OF "UNDERLYING THINGS" THAT MAKE STATEMENTS TRUE AND IMPLIES THAT T
"THINGS" (PRAGMATA) ARE LOGICALLY STRUCTURED SITUATIONS OR FACTS (VIZ., HIS SITTING, HIS NOT SITTING).
INFLUENTIAL IS HIS CLAIM IN DE INTERPRETATIONE (16A3) THAT THOUGHTS ARE "LIKENESSESS" (HOMOIOSIS) OF
THINGS. ALTHOUGH HE NOWHERE DEFINES TRUTH IN TERMS OF A THOUGHT'S LIKENESS TO A THING OR FACT, IT IS
CLEAR THAT SUCH A DEFINITION WOULD FIT WELL INTO HIS OVERALL PHILOSOPHY OF MIND. (…)"[54] VERY SIM
STATEMENTS CAN ALSO BE FOUND IN PLATO (CRATYLUS 385B2, SOPHIST 263B).[54] IN HINDUISM, TRUTH IS DE
AS "UNCHANGEABLE", "THAT WHICH HAS NO DISTORTION", "THAT WHICH IS BEYOND DISTINCTIONS OF TIME, SPA
AND PERSON", "THAT WHICH PERVADES THE UNIVERSE IN ALL ITS CONSTANCY". THE HUMAN BODY, THEREFORE
COMPLETELY TRUE AS IT CHANGES WITH TIME, FOR EXAMPLE. THERE ARE MANY REFERENCES, PROPERTIES AND
EXPLANATIONS OF TRUTH BY HINDU SAGES THAT EXPLAIN VARIED FACETS OF TRUTH, SUCH AS THE NATIONAL MO
INDIA: "SATYAMEVA JAYATE" (TRUTH ALONE WINS), AS WELL AS "SATYAM MUKTAYE" (TRUTH LIBERATES), "SATY
'PARAHIT'ARTHAM' VA'UNMANASO YATHA'RTHATVAM' SATYAM" (SATYA IS THE BENEVOLENT USE OF WORDS AND T
MIND FOR THE WELFARE OF OTHERS OR IN OTHER WORDS RESPONSIBILITIES IS TRUTH TOO), "WHEN ONE IS FIRM
ESTABLISHED IN SPEAKING TRUTH, THE FRUITS OF ACTION BECOME SUBSERVIENT TO HIM ( PATANJALI YOGASUTR
SUTRA NUMBER 2.36 ), "THE FACE OF TRUTH IS COVERED BY A GOLDEN BOWL. UNVEIL IT, O PUSAN (SUN), SO TH
WHO HAVE TRUTH AS MY DUTY (SATYADHARMA) MAY SEE IT!" (BRHADARANYAKA V 15 1-4 AND THE BRIEF IISA
UPANISAD 15-18), TRUTH IS SUPERIOR TO SILENCE (MANUSMRITI), ETC. COMBINED WITH OTHER WORDS, SATYA A
AS MODIFIER, LIKE "ULTRA" OR "HIGHEST," OR MORE LITERALLY "TRUEST," CONNOTING PURITY AND EXCELLENC
There is no
such thing as
“TOO MUCH TEXT”

59. for this audience
TOO MUCH TEXT
There is

62. • Greek majuscule
(9th – 3rd century B.C.) in contrast to the Greek uncial script (3rd century
B.C. – 12 century A.D.) and the later Greek minuscule
• Roman majuscule
(7th century B.C. – 4th century A.D.) in contrast to the Roman uncial (4th –
8th century B.C.), Roman Half Uncial, and minuscule
• Carolingian majuscule
(4th – 8th century A.D.) in contrast to the Carolingian minuscule (around
780 – 12th century)
• Gothic majuscule
(13th and 14th century), in contrast to the early Gothic (end of 11th to 13th
century), Gothic (14th century), and late Gothic (16th century) minuscules
4 eras in Western
European writing
10

63. • Greek majuscule
• Roman majuscule
• Carolingian majuscule
• Gothic majuscule
4 eras in Western
European writing
30

64. 50

65. MAYBE
TOO
MUCH
MAYBE
NOT
ENOUGH

66. 1. Audience size
2. Their proficiency level
3. Need for handouts
4. Amount of time you have
THINGS TO CONSIDER
4

67. Pictures are
EXPENSIVEWHILE TEXT IS RELATIVELY CHEAP

68. MAYBE
TOO
MUCH
MAYBE
NOT
ENOUGH
€€€ €€€

70. for one click
TOO MUCH TEXT
There is

71. • Greek majuscule
(9th – 3rd century B.C.) in contrast to the Greek uncial script (3rd century
B.C. – 12 century A.D.) and the later Greek minuscule
• Roman majuscule
(7th century B.C. – 4th century A.D.) in contrast to the Roman uncial (4th –
8th century B.C.), Roman Half Uncial, and minuscule
• Carolingian majuscule
(4th – 8th century A.D.) in contrast to the Carolingian minuscule (around
780 – 12th century)
• Gothic majuscule
(13th and 14th century), in contrast to the early Gothic (end of 11th to 13th
century), Gothic (14th century), and late Gothic (16th century) minuscules
4 eras in Western
European writing

72. ✤ I’m not a fan of this effect
✤ or this effect
✤ or this effect
✤ OR THIS EFFECT
✤ this is more than enough
Animation

73. with no structure
TOO MUCH TEXT
There is

76. •Greek majuscule (9th - 3rd century B.C.) in
contrast to the Greek uncial script (3rd century B.C.
- 12 century A.D.) and the later Greek minuscule
•Roman majuscule (7th century B.C. - 4th century
A.D.) in contrast to the Roman uncial (4th - 8th
century B.C.), Roman Half Uncial, and minuscule
•Carolingian majuscule (4th - 8th century A.D.) in
contrast to the Carolingian minuscule (around 780 -
12th century)
•Gothic majuscule (13th and 14th century), in
contrast to the early Gothic (end of 11th to 13th
century), Gothic (14th century), and late Gothic
(16th century) minuscules.
4 eras in Western European writing

77. • Greek majuscule
(9th – 3rd century B.C.) in contrast to the Greek uncial script (3rd century
B.C. – 12 century A.D.) and the later Greek minuscule
• Roman majuscule
(7th century B.C. – 4th century A.D.) in contrast to the Roman uncial (4th
– 8th century B.C.), Roman Half Uncial, and minuscule
• Carolingian majuscule
(4th – 8th century A.D.) in contrast to the Carolingian minuscule (around
780 – 12th century)
• Gothic majuscule
(13th and 14th century), in contrast to the early Gothic (end of 11th to
13th century), Gothic (14th century), and late Gothic (16th century)
minuscules
4 eras in Western
European writing

78. •Greek majuscule (9th - 3rd century B.C.) in
contrast to the Greek uncial script (3rd century B.C.
- 12 century A.D.) and the later Greek minuscule
•Roman majuscule (7th century B.C. - 4th century
A.D.) in contrast to the Roman uncial (4th - 8th
century B.C.), Roman Half Uncial, and minuscule
•Carolingian majuscule (4th - 8th century A.D.) in
contrast to the Carolingian minuscule (around 780 -
12th century)
•Gothic majuscule (13th and 14th century), in
contrast to the early Gothic (end of 11th to 13th
century), Gothic (14th century), and late Gothic
(16th century) minuscules.
4 eras in Western European writing

79. •Greek majuscule (9th – 3rd century B.C.) in contrast to the
Greek uncial script (3rd century B.C. – 12 century A.D.) and
the later Greek minuscule
•Roman majuscule (7th century B.C. – 4th century A.D.) in
contrast to the Roman uncial (4th – 8th century B.C.),
Roman Half Uncial, and minuscule
•Carolingian majuscule (4th – 8th century A.D.) in contrast
to the Carolingian minuscule (around 780 – 12th century)
•Gothic majuscule (13th and 14th century), in contrast to
the early Gothic (end of 11th to 13th century), Gothic (14th
century), and late Gothic (16th century) minuscules.
4 eras in Western
European writing

80. • Greek majuscule (9th – 3rd century B.C.) in contrast to the
Greek uncial script (3rd century B.C. – 12 century A.D.) and
the later Greek minuscule
• Roman majuscule (7th century B.C. – 4th century A.D.) in
contrast to the Roman uncial (4th – 8th century B.C.), Roman
Half Uncial, and minuscule
• Carolingian majuscule (4th – 8th century A.D.) in contrast to
the Carolingian minuscule (around 780 – 12th century)
• Gothic majuscule (13th and 14th century), in contrast to the
early Gothic (end of 11th to 13th century), Gothic (14th
century), and late Gothic (16th century) minuscules.
4 eras in Western
European writing

81. • Greek majuscule (9th – 3rd century B.C.) in contrast to the
Greek uncial script (3rd century B.C. – 12 century A.D.) and
the later Greek minuscule
• Roman majuscule (7th century B.C. – 4th century A.D.) in
contrast to the Roman uncial (4th – 8th century B.C.), Roman
Half Uncial, and minuscule
• Carolingian majuscule (4th – 8th century A.D.) in contrast to
the Carolingian minuscule (around 780 – 12th century)
• Gothic majuscule (13th and 14th century), in contrast to the
early Gothic (end of 11th to 13th century), Gothic (14th
century), and late Gothic (16th century) minuscules.
4 eras in Western
European writing

82. • Greek majuscule (9th – 3rd century B.C.) in contrast to the
Greek uncial script (3rd century B.C. – 12 century A.D.) and
the later Greek minuscule
• Roman majuscule (7th century B.C. – 4th century A.D.) in
contrast to the Roman uncial (4th – 8th century B.C.), Roman
Half Uncial, and minuscule
• Carolingian majuscule (4th – 8th century A.D.) in contrast to
the Carolingian minuscule (around 780 – 12th century)
• Gothic majuscule (13th and 14th century), in contrast to the
early Gothic (end of 11th to 13th century), Gothic (14th
century), and late Gothic (16th century) minuscules.
4 eras in Western
European writing

83. • Greek majuscule
(9th – 3rd century B.C.) in contrast to the Greek uncial script (3rd century
B.C. – 12 century A.D.) and the later Greek minuscule
• Roman majuscule
(7th century B.C. – 4th century A.D.) in contrast to the Roman uncial (4th
– 8th century B.C.), Roman Half Uncial, and minuscule
• Carolingian majuscule
(4th – 8th century A.D.) in contrast to the Carolingian minuscule (around
780 – 12th century)
• Gothic majuscule
(13th and 14th century), in contrast to the early Gothic (end of 11th to
13th century), Gothic (14th century), and late Gothic (16th century)
minuscules
4 eras in Western
European writing

84. • Greek majuscule
(9th – 3rd century B.C.) in contrast to the Greek uncial script (3rd century
B.C. – 12 century A.D.) and the later Greek minuscule
• Roman majuscule
(7th century B.C. – 4th century A.D.) in contrast to the Roman uncial (4th
– 8th century B.C.), Roman Half Uncial, and minuscule
• Carolingian majuscule
(4th – 8th century A.D.) in contrast to the Carolingian minuscule (around
780 – 12th century)
• Gothic majuscule
(13th and 14th century), in contrast to the early Gothic (end of 11th to
13th century), Gothic (14th century), and late Gothic (16th century)
minuscules
4 eras in Western
European writing

85. •Greek majuscule (9th - 3rd century B.C.) in
contrast to the Greek uncial script (3rd century B.C.
- 12 century A.D.) and the later Greek minuscule
•Roman majuscule (7th century B.C. - 4th century
A.D.) in contrast to the Roman uncial (4th - 8th
century B.C.), Roman Half Uncial, and minuscule
•Carolingian majuscule (4th - 8th century A.D.) in
contrast to the Carolingian minuscule (around 780 -
12th century)
•Gothic majuscule (13th and 14th century), in
contrast to the early Gothic (end of 11th to 13th
century), Gothic (14th century), and late Gothic
(16th century) minuscules.
4 eras in Western European writing

88. BIGIMPORTANT
SMALLLESS IMPORTANT

90. 10/21/14 TechInvestLab.com
2
Угроза Digital Divide
Для работы ему необходима физическая инфраструктура (провода, каналы
радиосвязи). Задачу удвоения физической инфраструктуры невозможно
осуществить без масштабной реформы связи как инфраструктурной отрасли.
Интернет – это протокол
Что такое Digital Divide
Угроза отставания в области информационных технологий усугубляет общее
отставание страны от мировых лидеров (Саммит G8, 2000 год).
Количество пользователей
В России доступ к Интернет имеют около 10% населения, а в соседней
Финляндии – более 50% Одна из целей программы «Электронная Россия» —
удвоение количества пользователей Интернета в стране.
10

91. 1. Context: How many? Who are they?
2. Priorities: What’s most important?
3. Visual cues: Size, colours, etc
4. Animation (if necessary)
MANAGING LOTS OF TEXT

92. One more
EXAMPLEAND I’M DONE

93. INVESTMENT SUPPORT AGENCY

94. INVESTMENT SUPPORT AGENCY

95. INVESTMENT SUPPORT AGENCY

96. INVESTMENT SUPPORT AGENCY

98. Data & Research
Analysis
Library
HR
Finance
Archive
Procurement
Investor support
Investment
Promotion
Licensing
RESEARCH ADMINISTRATION INVESTMENT
Administrative
assistant
Advisor
CEO
INVESTMENT SUPPORT AGENCY

99. Data & Research
Analysis
Library
HR
Finance
Archive
Procurement
Investor support
Investment
Promotion
Licensing
RESEARCH ADMINISTRATION INVESTMENT
Administrative
assistant
Advisor
CEO
INVESTMENT SUPPORT AGENCY

100. RESEARCH ADMINISTRATION INVESTMENT
CEO
INVESTMENT SUPPORT AGENCY

101. RESEARCH ADMINISTRATION INVESTMENT
CEO
INVESTMENT SUPPORT AGENCY

102. RESEARCH ADMINISTRATION INVESTMENT
Data &
Research
Analysis
Library
HR
Finance
Archive
Procurement
Investor
support
Investment
Promotion
Licensing
INVESTMENT SUPPORT AGENCY
CEOAdministrative
assistant Advisor

103. MAYBE
TOO
MUCH
MAYBE
NOT
ENOUGH

104. Large
audience
Small
audience
THE OPTIMAL BALANCE
MORE
TEXT
LITTLE
TEXT

105. Do we
slides?
NEED

106. Yes
S O M E T I M E S

107. A LOT OF TEXT?
Can we have

108. CAN
Yes we

109. CAN
Yes we
SOMETIMES

110. Complex slides require
DESIGNDESIGNDESIGN

111. FOOD & BEERFOOD & BEER
W I L L
for
FOOD & BEER
T O D A Y
DESIGNDESIGNDESIGN

112. Thank you!W W W . K A P T E R E V . C O M