In: GDG Cloud KH Meetup #4 (2019-08-11) Event: https://www.meetup.com/GCPUG-Kaohsiung/events/262412299/ Lab: https://github.com/William-Yeh/workshop-k8s201908 ● 簡介 Kubernetes 是目前雲端環境的顯學。可是，傳統的程式，並不是原封不動搬上去，就能夠自動享受 Kubernetes 所宣稱的種種好處。 新的環境，不僅需要新的 Ops 思維，也需要新的 Dev 思維。我們將以三小時的時間，從軟體研發者的角度，探討軟體的設計該做哪些最起碼的改變，並體驗 Kubernetes 引進的新觀念及新效益。 ● 目標 從實例中體驗，傳統 web 應用程式在搬上 Kubernetes 時，可能會經歷哪些架構面的調整，才能享受新架構的效益： - 容器化 - 微服務 - 組態管理 - 多重環境管理：本機端與雲端（以 GKE 為例） - Canary release。 ● 適合對象 已經具備 Docker 基本操作能力、簡單的 Web 前後端觀念，想進一步體驗 Kubernetes 的軟體研發者。 本工作坊不會涉及太多維運層面。

1. Technical Manager
William Yeh 葉秉哲
給 RD 的 Kubernetes 初體驗
… with a series of hands-on labs
2019-08-11

2. • PhD in Computer Science, NCTU, Taiwan
• CSPO (Certified Scrum Product Owner) from Scrum Alliance
• PSM I (Professional Scrum Master I) from Scrum.org
• Technical manager @ Titansoft (since Mar 2019)
• Server director & Scrum master @ Gogolook
• Active speaker and trainer for software
architecture, DevOps, agile, and theory of
constraints

3. Containers
Kubernetes
Cloud
Agenda

4. Containers
Kubernetes
Cloud
Agenda Labs
1.0 — 3.0
4.0 — 5.0
6.0 — 7.0

5. Agenda
Know promising trends
Adopt gradually
Prepare mindset
Goals
Containers
Kubernetes
Cloud
Labs
1.0 — 3.0
4.0 — 5.0
6.0 — 7.0

6. GKE Setup🅐
a - Redeem Google Cloud coupon
b - Create project in GCP
c - Create GKE cluster

7. Redeem coupon
Please follow steps in your handout
NOW!

8. Create K8s-enabled Project
https://console.cloud.google.com/projectselector2/kuber
netes
Should already done
before you’re here...

9. Create GKE cluster
gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID
gcloud config set compute/zone us-west1-a
gcloud container clusters create k8s201908
--num-nodes 3

10. Lab Setting��
Tag
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0

11. Lab material
See the demo first!

12. Lab material
For each revision, pay attention to:
1. image versions
2. diff in code and configuration
Use git diff --stat HEAD~1 HEAD
to see diff between revisions.
Tag
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0

13. Image tags
Lab # Frontend API
1.0 N/A N/A
2.0 N/A 2.0
3.0 3.0 3.0
4.0 3.0 3.0
5.0 5.0 3.0
6.0 auto auto
7.0 auto auto & stable

14. Lab material
https://github.com/William-Yeh/workshop-k8s201908
or http://bit.ly/k8s-201908 for short
1. Open browser
2. Git clone to your laptop

15. Containers
1.0 - Legacy
2.0 - Docker
3.0 - Frontend/backend separation
��

16. Why containers?

17. Lab # 1.0 Legacy

18. Lab # 1.0
git checkout 1.0
git log

19. Lab # 1.0 Review
a. Architecture
b. Main tasks
c. Diff
d. Tricks
e. Questions?

20. app
runtime
OS kernel
app
runtime
OS kernel
Boundary of application packaging:
pros and cons
traditional deployment way
virtual machine

21. app
runtime
OS kernel
app
runtime
OS kernel
app
runtime
OS kernel
IaC (Infra as Code)
traditional deployment way
IaC tools
● Chef
● Puppet
● Ansible
virtual machine

22. app
runtime
OS kernel
app
runtime
OS kernel
app
runtime
OS kernel
Containers as application packaging
units
traditional deployment way
container
virtual machine

23. Lab # 2.0 Docker

24. Lab # 2.0
git checkout 2.0
git log
git diff --stat HEAD~1 HEAD

25. Image tags
Lab # Frontend API
1.0 N/A N/A
2.0 N/A 2.0
3.0 3.0 3.0
4.0 3.0 3.0
5.0 5.0 3.0
6.0 auto auto
7.0 auto auto & stable

26. Lab # 2.0 Review
a. Architecture
b. Main tasks
c. Diff
d. Tricks
e. Questions?

27. Lab # 3.0 Frontend/backend separation

28. Lab # 3.0
git checkout 3.0
git log
git diff --stat HEAD~1 HEAD

29. Image tags
Lab # Frontend API
1.0 N/A N/A
2.0 N/A 2.0
3.0 3.0 3.0
4.0 3.0 3.0
5.0 5.0 3.0
6.0 auto auto
7.0 auto auto & stable

30. app
runtime
OS kernel
app
runtime
OS kernel
app
runtime
OS kernel
Recap:
containers as application packaging units
traditional deployment way
container
virtual machine

31. Lab # 3.0 Review
a. Architecture
b. Main tasks
c. Diff
d. Tricks
e. Questions?

32. Kubernetes
4.0 - Local Kubernetes
5.0 - Configuration
��

33. https://kubernetes.io/

34. Lab # 4.0 Local Kubernetes

35. Lab # 4.0
git checkout 4.0
git log
git diff --stat HEAD~1 HEAD

36. Image tags
Lab # Frontend API
1.0 N/A N/A
2.0 N/A 2.0
3.0 3.0 3.0
4.0 3.0 3.0
5.0 5.0 3.0
6.0 auto auto
7.0 auto auto & stable

37. Concept gaps
from Docker to Kubernetes

38. Container

39. Service
container
service
pod
deployment 3

40. container
service
.
.
.
└── k8s
├── todoapi-service.yml
└── todofrontend-service.yml
Service

41. Service
container
service
pod
deployment
---
kind: Service
...
---
kind: Deployment
...
spec:
replicas: 3
template: # pod definition
spec:
containers:
- name: todoapi
image: todoapi:3.0
k8s/todoapi-service.yml

42. service
deployment
---
kind: Service
...
---
kind: Deployment
...
spec:
replicas: 3
template: # pod definition
spec:
containers:
- name: todoapi
image: todoapi:3.0
k8s/todoapi-service.yml

43. container
pod
---
kind: Service
...
---
kind: Deployment
...
spec:
replicas: 3
template: # pod definition
spec:
containers:
- name: todoapi
image: todoapi:3.0

44. Container

45. Pod
Container
Any examples?

46. • Shared volumes
• IPC
• Network
Multi-Container Pods in Kubernetes
Pod
Container
Multi-container pods and container communication in Kubernetes
https://www.mirantis.com/blog/multi-container-pods-and-container-communication-in-kubernetes/

47. Deployment & Replica
3

48. pod
---
kind: Service
...
---
kind: Deployment
...
spec:
replicas: 3
template: # pod definition
spec:
containers:
- name: todoapi
image: todoapi:3.0
deployment

49. Selector & label
3
The selector field defines
how the Deployment finds
which Pods to manage.
label
selector

50. service
deployment
---
kind: Service
...
---
kind: Deployment
...
spec:
replicas: 3
template: # pod definition
spec:
containers:
- name: todoapi
image: todoapi:3.0

51. Service
label
selector
3
---
kind: Service
...
---
kind: Deployment
...
spec:
replicas: 3
template: # pod definition
spec:
containers:
- name: todoapi
image: todoapi:3.0

52. Recap

53. Service
container
pod
deployment
service
3

54. Service
container
service
pod
deployment
---
kind: Service
...
---
kind: Deployment
...
spec:
replicas: 3
template: # pod definition
spec:
containers:
- name: todoapi
image: todoapi:3.0
k8s/todoapi-service.yml

55. pod
---
kind: Service
...
---
kind: Deployment
...
spec:
replicas: 3
template: # pod definition
spec:
containers:
- name: todoapi
image: todoapi:3.0
deployment
service
container

56. Kubernetes
Terminology
Learn by doing!

57. Make sure you’re using local Kubernetes
kubectl config view
kubectl config get-contexts
kubectl config use-context docker-for-desktop
or
kubectl config use-context minikube
How to use kubectl to manage multiple Kubernetes clusters
https://success.docker.com/article/how-to-use-kubectl-to-manage-multiple-kubernetes-clusters

58. Lab # 4.0 Review
a. Architecture
b. Main tasks
c. Diff
d. Tricks
e. Questions?

59. CAUTION
● There’s one big issue in this Lab 4.0
Can you see?
● What if a image changes
but version tag remains unchanged?

60. Lab # 5.0 Configuration

61. Lab # 5.0
git checkout 5.0
git log
git diff --stat HEAD~1 HEAD

62. Image tags
Lab # Frontend API
1.0 N/A N/A
2.0 N/A 2.0
3.0 3.0 3.0
4.0 3.0 3.0
5.0 5.0 3.0
6.0 auto auto
7.0 auto auto & stable

63. _v2
Service
container
pod
deployment
service
Recap:
containers as application packaging units
3

64. Lab # 5.0 Review
a. Architecture
b. Main tasks
c. Diff
d. Tricks
e. Questions?

65. Cloud
6.0 - Cloud (GKE for example)
7.0 - Canary release
��

66. Lab # 6.0 Cloud (GKE for example)

67. Lab # 6.0
git checkout 6.0
git log
git diff --stat HEAD~1 HEAD

68. Image tags
Lab # Frontend API
1.0 N/A N/A
2.0 N/A 2.0
3.0 3.0 3.0
4.0 3.0 3.0
5.0 5.0 3.0
6.0 auto auto
7.0 auto auto & stable

69. Local/cloud diff -
k8s/***/config.***.yml

70. Local/cloud diff -
k8s/***/todoapi-service.yml

71. Local/cloud diff -
k8s/***/todoapi-service.yml

72. Local/cloud diff -
k8s/***/todofrontend-service.yml

73. Local/cloud diff -
k8s/***/todofrontend-service.yml

74. Skaffold
skaffold.yaml
cloud
local

75. Lab # 6.0 Review
a. Architecture
b. Main tasks
c. Diff
d. Tricks
e. Questions?

76. Lab # 7.0 Canary release

77. Lab # 7.0
git checkout 7.0
git log
git diff --stat HEAD~1 HEAD

78. Image tags
Lab # Frontend API
1.0 N/A N/A
2.0 N/A 2.0
3.0 3.0 3.0
4.0 3.0 3.0
5.0 5.0 3.0
6.0 auto auto
7.0 auto auto & stable

79. _v2
1
stable autoimage tag:
3

80. Stable/canary diff -
k8s/***/todoapi-***.yml

81. _v2
Service
label
label
1
selector
stable autoimage tag:
3

82. Lab # 7.0 Review
a. Architecture
b. Main tasks
c. Diff
d. Tricks
e. Questions?

83. Conclusion��

84. app
runtime
OS kernel
app
runtime
OS kernel
app
runtime
OS kernel
Recap:
containers as application packaging units
traditional deployment way
container
virtual machine

85. _v2
Service
container
pod
deployment
service
label
label
3
selector

86. Agenda
Know promising trends
Adopt gradually
Prepare mindset
Goals
Containers
Kubernetes
Cloud
Labs
1.0 — 3.0
4.0 — 5.0
6.0 — 7.0

87. Kubernetes
Terminology
“Kubernetes 101: Pods, Nodes, Containers,
and Clusters”
• Author: Daniel Sanche
• Date: 2018-01-02
• URL:
https://medium.com/google-cloud/kubernetes-101-pods-nodes-c
ontainers-and-clusters-c1509e409e16
(or http://bit.ly/post-k8s-101 for short)

88. Not told today
Session affinity
https://medium.com/@diegomrtnzg/redirect-your-users-to-the-same-pod
-by-using-session-affinity-on-kubernetes-baebf6a1733b
StatefulSet
https://godleon.github.io/blog/Kubernetes/k8s-StatefulSets-Overview
/
Persistent Volume & Claim
https://godleon.github.io/blog/Kubernetes/k8s-PersistentVolume-Over
view/

89. Next step?
https://www.udemy.com/course/certified-kubernetes-application-developer/

90. Questions?

91. Attribution
● review by Alina Oleynik from the Noun Project