Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur

shadoof egyptian irrigation methodological challenges ancientegyptian astronomy the ox-down plow classical pre-modern medieval ancient(greeks & romans) geographical approach basics of geographical thought critical analysis babylonians assiriyans chaldeans summerians egyptians phoenicians mesopotamians pre-greco-roman world shanghai environmental vulnerability human settlement patterns trade opportunities market access infrastructure connectivity climate and environment natural resources development geographic relevance social organizations economic organizations development measures spatial implications import substitution industrial localization risks challenges disadvantages policy recommendations